Regular articles
Between a desired and a feasible outcome: towards a binding treaty on business and human rights
Published 2019-12-21
Keywords
- Draft 0,
- Global Goverance,
- International Treaty on Business and Human Right,
- Polycentric Gobernance Systems Ruggie Principles
How to Cite
Padilla, C. M. . (2019). Between a desired and a feasible outcome: towards a binding treaty on business and human rights. Homa Publica - Revista Internacional De Derechos Humanos Y Empresas, 3(2), e:047. Retrieved from https://periodicos.ufjf.br/index.php/HOMA/article/view/30582
Abstract
Although it is increasingly common to find, among the most specialised doctrine, those who defend the recognition of binding legal obligations to companies in the field of human rights, the debate remains highly polarised. Positioning ourselves within the framework of theories on global governance, in these pages, we will defend the pragmatism of the Ruggie Principles and their convenient complementarity with a future international treaty. Now, if on the one hand we understand that the development and implementation of the United Nations Principles must proceed through the reinforcement of a victim-based approach, on the other hand we believe that the contours of a future international treaty will have to be delimited with an adequate degree of technical precision, as with a sufficient level of generality and abstraction. So in this sense, proposals to reform the so-called Draft 0 of the future international treaty on companies and rights will be formulated.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
ALSTON, Philipp, “Against a World Court”, NYU School of Law, Public Law Research Paper, No 13-71, 2014
BACKER, Larry Catá, “The Structural Characteristics of Global Law for the 21st Century: Fracture, Fluidity, Permeability, and Polycentricity”, Tilburg Law Review, No. 17, 2012, 177–199
BAUMAN, Zygmunt, Globalizaçao. As consequências humanas, PENCHEL, M. (trad.), Rio de Janeiro: Zahar, 2012
BICKFORD, Louis, “¿Qué viene ahora para las empresas y los derechos humanos? Un enfoque desde los movimientos sociales”, RODRÍGUEZ GARAVITO, César (ed). Empresas y derechos humanos en el siglo XXI. La actividad corporativa bajo la lupa, entre las regulaciones internacionales y la acción de la sociedad civil, Buenos Aires: Siglo Veintiuno Editores, 2018, 219-231
BILCHITZ, David, “The Necessity for a Business and Human Rights Treaty” Business and Human Rights Journal, Vol. 1 Issue 02, 2016, 203 - 227
BLACK, Julia, “Constructing and Contesting Legitimacy and Accountability in Polycentric Regulatory Regimes”, Regulation & Governance, No. 2, 2008, 137-164
BUSINESS AND HUMAN RIGHTS RESOURCE CENTRE, Compilation of Commentaries on the “Zero Draft”. En https://www.business-humanrights.org/en/compilation-of-commentaries-on-the-“zero-draft”
CANTÚ RIVERA, Humberto, “Los desafíos de la globalización: re exiones sobre la responsabilidad empresarial en materia de derechos humanos”, Instituto Interamericano de Derechos Humanos, Derechos Humanos y Empresas: Reflexiones desde América Latina, San José de Costa Rica: IIDH, 2017, 37-83
CANTÚ RIVERA, Humberto. (2016), “¿Hacia un tratado internacional sobre la responsabilidad de las empresas en el ámbito de los derechos humanos? Reflexiones sobre la primera sesión del grupo de trabajo intergubernamental de composición abierta”, Anuario Mexicano de Derecho Internacional, vol. XVI, 425-460
CASSEL, Douglas (2018a), Ecuador’s Proposed Elements of a Treaty on Business and Human Rights: Off to a Good Start, en https://www.business-humanrights.org/en/ecuador%E2%80%99s-proposed-elements-of-a-treaty-on-business-and-human-rights-off-to-a-good-start
CASSEL, Douglas. (2018b), At Last: A Draft UN Treaty on Business and Human Rights, en: https://lettersblogatory.com/2018/08/02/at-last-a-draft-un-treaty-on-business-and-human-rights/#more-27105
CLAPHAM, Andrew, “The question of jurisdiction under international criminal law over legal persons: lessons from the Rome Conference on an international criminal court”. KAMMINGA, M., ZIA ZARIFI, S. (eds), Liability of Multinational Corporations Under International Law, Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 139-195
CLAVERO, Bartolomé, Derecho Global. Por una historia verosímil de los derechos humanos, Madrid: Editorial Trotta, 2014
DE SHUTTER, Olivier, “Towards a New Treaty on Business and Human Rights”, Business and Human Rights Journal, Vol. 1 Issue 01, 2016, 41-67
DE SHUTTER, Olivier. (2006), “The Challenge of Imposing Human Rights Norms on Corporate Actors”. DE SHUTTER, O. (ed), Transnational Corporations and Human Rights, Oxford and Portland, Oregon: Hart Publishing, 1-40
DE SHUTTER, Olivier. (2005) “Transnational corporations as instruments of human development”, ALSTON, P., ROBINSON, M. (eds.), Human Rights and Development: Towards Mutual Reinforcement, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 403-444
DE SOUSA SANTOS, Boaventura, RODRÍGUEZ-GARAVITO, César (eds), Law and Globalization from Below. Towards e Cosmopolitan Legality, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005
DEVA, Surya, “Empresas y derechos humanos: algunas reflexiones sobre el camino a seguir”, Instituto Interamericano de Derechos Humanos, Derechos Humanos y Empresas: Reflexiones desde América Latina, San José de Costa Rica: IIDH, 2017 27-33
DEVA, Surya. (2013), “Treating Human Rights Lightly: A Critique of the Consensus Rhetoric and the Language Employed by the Guiding Principles”, DEVA, S. & BILCHITZ, D. (eds.), Human Rights Obligations of Business: Beyond the Corporate Responsibility to Respect?, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 91-103
DEVA, Surya. (2012) Regulating Corporate Human Rights Violations: Humanizing Business, Londres: Routledge
FISCHER-LESCANO, Andreas, TEUBNER, Gunther, “Regime-Collisions: The Vain Search for Legal Unity in the Fragmentation of Global Law”, Michigan Journal of International Law, Vol. 25 Issue 4, 2004, 999-1046
GRAZ, Jean-Christophe, “La omnipotencia de los agentes privados en el orden económico mundial”, El estado del mundo: Anuario económico geopolítico mundial 2012, No 28, 2012, 64-72
GOOD, Christoph, “Mission Creeps. e (Unintended) Re-enforcement of the Actor’s Discussion in International Law through the Expansion of Soft Law Instruments in the Business and Human Rights Nexus”, LAGOUTTE, S., GAMMELTOFT-HANSEN, T. (eds), Tracing the Roles of Soft Law in Human Rights, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016, 255-272
GUAMÁN, Adoración, “El Draft 0 del Binding Treaty: análisis crítico del contenido del texto y su adecuación con el objetivo dela Resolución 26/9”, Cadernos de Pesquisa Homa, No 6, Vol. I, 2018
GUAMÁN, Adoración, MORENO, Gabriel, El fin de la impunidad. La lucha por un instrumento vinculante sobre empresas transnacionales y derechos humanos, Navarra: Icaria Editorial, 2017
GUNTHER, Teubner, “Global private regimes: neospontaneous law and dual constitution of autonomous sectors in world society?”, LADEUR, K.-H. (ed.) Globalisation and Public Governance. Ashgate: Aldershot, 2004, 71–87
HUNT, Lynn, La invención de los derechos humanos, Barcelona: TusQuets Editores, 2009
JOCHNICK, Chris, “Reconducir el poder en el campo de las empresas y los derechos humanos”, RODRÍGUEZ GARAVITO, C. (ed). Empresas y derechos humanos en el siglo XXI. La actividad corporativa bajo la lupa, entre las regulaciones internacionales y la acción de la sociedad civil, Buenos Aires: Siglo Veintiuno Editores, 2018, 191-218
KLABBERS, Jan, “The Undesirability of Soft Law”, Nordic Journal of International Law, 67, 1998, 381-391
KWEITEL, Juana, “Entorno regulatorio de las empresas y los derechos humanos Vías en la esfera internacional e ideas sobre las funciones de los grupos de la sociedad civil”, RODRÍGUEZ GARAVITO, C. (ed). Empresas y derechos humanos en el siglo XXI. La actividad corporativa bajo la lupa, entre las regulaciones internacionales y la acción de la sociedad civil, Buenos Aires: Siglo Veintiuno Editores, 2018, 233-250
LÓPEZ, Carlos (2018a), The Elements for the treaty on business & human rights: Is it a step forward?, en https://www.business-humanrights.org/en/the-elements-for-the-treaty-on-business-human-rights-is-it-a-step-forward
LÓPEZ, Carlos. (2017), “El camino hacia un instrumento jurídicamente vinculante en el área de empresas y derechos humanos: ¿de la responsabilidad social de la empresa a la responsabilidad legal de la empresa por vulneraciones a los derechos humanos?, Instituto Interamericano de Derechos Humanos, Derechos Humanos y Empresas: Reflexiones desde América Latina, San José de Costa Rica: 119-135
MELISH, Tara, “Volver a incluir “los derechos humanos” en los Principios Rectores de Naciones Unidas sobre las Empresas y los Derechos Humanos. Cambiar de marco e incorporar los derechos de participación”, RODRÍGUEZ GARAVITO, C. (ed). Empresas y derechos humanos en el siglo XXI. La actividad corporativa bajo la lupa, entre las regulaciones internacionales y la acción de la sociedad civil, Buenos Aires: Siglo Veintiuno Editores, 2018, 117-147
MELISH, Tara, J., MEIDINGER, Errol, “Protect, Respect, Remedy and Participate: ‘New Governance’ Lessons for the Ruggie Framework”, MARES, R. (ed.), The Un Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights: Foundations and Implementation, Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2012
METHVEN O’BRIEN, Claire, MEHRA, Amol, BLACKWELL, Sara, POULSEN-HANSEN, Cathrine B., “National Action Plans: Current Status and Future Prospects for a New Business and Human Rights Governance Tool”, Business and Human Rights Journal, Vol. 1 Issue 1, 2016, 117-126
MONTESINOS PADILLA, C. (2018a), “Protecting Human Rights Against Globalized Business Activity. Renewed Challenges to the Legal Taxonomy”, University of Oslo Faculty of Law Legal Studies Research Paper Series, No. 2018-24. En: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3262577
MONTESINOS PADILLA, C. (2018b) “La implementación de los Principios Ruggie. ¿Nuevos avances en la conformación de un Derecho global emergente?, Homa Publica, Vol. 02, Nº 02, pp. 78-107
MONTESINOS PADILLA, C. (2018c), “Los Principios Ruggie y la Agenda 2030. Un futuro de recíprocas influencias por explorar”, Revista Española de Derecho Internacional, Vol. 70/2, 183-208
OSTROM, Elinor, “Polycentric Systems for Coping with Collective Action and Global Environmental Change”, Global Environmental Change, Vol. 20, Issue 4, 2010, 550-557
PACK, Natalya S., NUSSBAUMER, James P., “Beyond Impunity: Strengthening the Legal Accountability of Transnational Corporations for Human Rights Abuses”, Hertie School of Governance Working Papers, No. 45, 2009
PAPAIOANNOU, Asimina-Manto, “The Illegal Exploitation of Natural Resources in the Democratic Republic of Congo: A Case Study on Corporate Complicity in Human Rights Abuses”, DE SHUTTER, O. (ed), Transnational Corporations and Human Rights, Oxford and Portland, Oregon: Hart Publishing, 2006, 263-286
RAUSTIALA, Kal, VÍCTOR, David G., “The Regime Complex for Plant Genetic Resources”, International Organization, 58(2), 2004, 277-309
RHODES, Aaron (2014) The False Promise of an International Business and Human Rights Treaty, Huffingtom Post. The Blog, 07/10/2014: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/aaron-rhodes/the-false-promise-of-an-i_b_5575236.html
RODRÍGUEZ GARAVITO, César, “Empresas y derechos humanos. Un marco conceptual y un mapa de estrategias regulatorias”, RODRÍGUEZ GARAVITO, C. (ed), Empresas y derechos humanos en el Siglo XXI. La actividad corporativa bajo la lupa, entre las regulaciones internacionales y la acción de la sociedad civil, Buenos Aires: Centro de Estudios de Derecho, Justicia y Sociedad (Dejusticia), 2018, 29-74
RONDINELLI, Dennis A., “Transnational Corporations: International Citizens or New Sovereigns?”, Business and Society Review, 107:4, 2002, 391-413
RUGGIE, John G., “The Social Construction of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights”, Corporate Responsibility Initiative. Harvard Kennedy School, Working Paper n. 67, June 2017
RUGGIE, John G. (2014), International Legalization in Business and Human Rights. En http://www.hks.harvard.edu/m-rcbg/CSRI/research/WFLS.pdf
RUGGIE, John G. (2013), Just Business: Multinational Corporations and Human Rights, Nueva York: W. W. Norton & Co.
RUGGIE, John G. (2007), Business and Human Rights: Mapping International Standards of Responsibility and Accountability for Corporate Acts. En https://www.business-humanrights.org/sites/default/files/media/bhr/files/SRSG-report-Human-Rights-Council-19-Feb-2007.pdf
RUGGIE, John G. (2006), “¿Jerarquía o ecosistema? La regulación de los riesgos relativos a los derechos humanos provenientes de las empresas multinacionales”, DE SHUTTER, O. (ed), Transnational Corporations and Human Rights, Xford and Portland, Oregon: Hart Publishing, 2006, 75-97
SARMIENTO, Daniel, El Soft Law Administrativo. Un estudio de los efectos vinculantes de las normas no vinculantes de la Administración, Pamplona: Thomson Civitas, 2008
SHAFFER, Gregory C., POLLACK, Mark A., “Hard versus soft law in international security”, Boston College Law Review, Vol. 52 Issue 04, 2011. 1147-1261
SHAFFER, Gregory C. (2010), “Hard vs soft law: alternatives, complements, and antagonists in international governance”, Minnesota Law Review, Vol. 94, 709-799
SHAMIR, Rhonen, “Corporate social responsibility: a case of hegemony and counter-hegemony”, DE SOUSA SANTOS, B., RODRÍGUEZ-GARAVITO, C. Law and globalization from below. Towards a Cosmopolitan Legality, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005, 92-117
SIMON, William H., ‘‘Solving Problems v. Claiming Rights: The Pragmatist Challenge to Legal Liberalism’’, Columbia Law School, Pub. Law Research Paper No. 03-58. En: https://ssrn.com/abstract=459325
TOMÁS Y VALIENTE, Francisco, “Independencia judicial y garantía de los derechos fundamentales”, Obras Completas. Vol. III, Madrid: CEPC, 1997
VON WRIGHTS, George H., “The crisis of social sciences and the withering away of the nation state”, Associations, No 1, 1997, 49-52
BACKER, Larry Catá, “The Structural Characteristics of Global Law for the 21st Century: Fracture, Fluidity, Permeability, and Polycentricity”, Tilburg Law Review, No. 17, 2012, 177–199
BAUMAN, Zygmunt, Globalizaçao. As consequências humanas, PENCHEL, M. (trad.), Rio de Janeiro: Zahar, 2012
BICKFORD, Louis, “¿Qué viene ahora para las empresas y los derechos humanos? Un enfoque desde los movimientos sociales”, RODRÍGUEZ GARAVITO, César (ed). Empresas y derechos humanos en el siglo XXI. La actividad corporativa bajo la lupa, entre las regulaciones internacionales y la acción de la sociedad civil, Buenos Aires: Siglo Veintiuno Editores, 2018, 219-231
BILCHITZ, David, “The Necessity for a Business and Human Rights Treaty” Business and Human Rights Journal, Vol. 1 Issue 02, 2016, 203 - 227
BLACK, Julia, “Constructing and Contesting Legitimacy and Accountability in Polycentric Regulatory Regimes”, Regulation & Governance, No. 2, 2008, 137-164
BUSINESS AND HUMAN RIGHTS RESOURCE CENTRE, Compilation of Commentaries on the “Zero Draft”. En https://www.business-humanrights.org/en/compilation-of-commentaries-on-the-“zero-draft”
CANTÚ RIVERA, Humberto, “Los desafíos de la globalización: re exiones sobre la responsabilidad empresarial en materia de derechos humanos”, Instituto Interamericano de Derechos Humanos, Derechos Humanos y Empresas: Reflexiones desde América Latina, San José de Costa Rica: IIDH, 2017, 37-83
CANTÚ RIVERA, Humberto. (2016), “¿Hacia un tratado internacional sobre la responsabilidad de las empresas en el ámbito de los derechos humanos? Reflexiones sobre la primera sesión del grupo de trabajo intergubernamental de composición abierta”, Anuario Mexicano de Derecho Internacional, vol. XVI, 425-460
CASSEL, Douglas (2018a), Ecuador’s Proposed Elements of a Treaty on Business and Human Rights: Off to a Good Start, en https://www.business-humanrights.org/en/ecuador%E2%80%99s-proposed-elements-of-a-treaty-on-business-and-human-rights-off-to-a-good-start
CASSEL, Douglas. (2018b), At Last: A Draft UN Treaty on Business and Human Rights, en: https://lettersblogatory.com/2018/08/02/at-last-a-draft-un-treaty-on-business-and-human-rights/#more-27105
CLAPHAM, Andrew, “The question of jurisdiction under international criminal law over legal persons: lessons from the Rome Conference on an international criminal court”. KAMMINGA, M., ZIA ZARIFI, S. (eds), Liability of Multinational Corporations Under International Law, Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 139-195
CLAVERO, Bartolomé, Derecho Global. Por una historia verosímil de los derechos humanos, Madrid: Editorial Trotta, 2014
DE SHUTTER, Olivier, “Towards a New Treaty on Business and Human Rights”, Business and Human Rights Journal, Vol. 1 Issue 01, 2016, 41-67
DE SHUTTER, Olivier. (2006), “The Challenge of Imposing Human Rights Norms on Corporate Actors”. DE SHUTTER, O. (ed), Transnational Corporations and Human Rights, Oxford and Portland, Oregon: Hart Publishing, 1-40
DE SHUTTER, Olivier. (2005) “Transnational corporations as instruments of human development”, ALSTON, P., ROBINSON, M. (eds.), Human Rights and Development: Towards Mutual Reinforcement, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 403-444
DE SOUSA SANTOS, Boaventura, RODRÍGUEZ-GARAVITO, César (eds), Law and Globalization from Below. Towards e Cosmopolitan Legality, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005
DEVA, Surya, “Empresas y derechos humanos: algunas reflexiones sobre el camino a seguir”, Instituto Interamericano de Derechos Humanos, Derechos Humanos y Empresas: Reflexiones desde América Latina, San José de Costa Rica: IIDH, 2017 27-33
DEVA, Surya. (2013), “Treating Human Rights Lightly: A Critique of the Consensus Rhetoric and the Language Employed by the Guiding Principles”, DEVA, S. & BILCHITZ, D. (eds.), Human Rights Obligations of Business: Beyond the Corporate Responsibility to Respect?, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 91-103
DEVA, Surya. (2012) Regulating Corporate Human Rights Violations: Humanizing Business, Londres: Routledge
FISCHER-LESCANO, Andreas, TEUBNER, Gunther, “Regime-Collisions: The Vain Search for Legal Unity in the Fragmentation of Global Law”, Michigan Journal of International Law, Vol. 25 Issue 4, 2004, 999-1046
GRAZ, Jean-Christophe, “La omnipotencia de los agentes privados en el orden económico mundial”, El estado del mundo: Anuario económico geopolítico mundial 2012, No 28, 2012, 64-72
GOOD, Christoph, “Mission Creeps. e (Unintended) Re-enforcement of the Actor’s Discussion in International Law through the Expansion of Soft Law Instruments in the Business and Human Rights Nexus”, LAGOUTTE, S., GAMMELTOFT-HANSEN, T. (eds), Tracing the Roles of Soft Law in Human Rights, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016, 255-272
GUAMÁN, Adoración, “El Draft 0 del Binding Treaty: análisis crítico del contenido del texto y su adecuación con el objetivo dela Resolución 26/9”, Cadernos de Pesquisa Homa, No 6, Vol. I, 2018
GUAMÁN, Adoración, MORENO, Gabriel, El fin de la impunidad. La lucha por un instrumento vinculante sobre empresas transnacionales y derechos humanos, Navarra: Icaria Editorial, 2017
GUNTHER, Teubner, “Global private regimes: neospontaneous law and dual constitution of autonomous sectors in world society?”, LADEUR, K.-H. (ed.) Globalisation and Public Governance. Ashgate: Aldershot, 2004, 71–87
HUNT, Lynn, La invención de los derechos humanos, Barcelona: TusQuets Editores, 2009
JOCHNICK, Chris, “Reconducir el poder en el campo de las empresas y los derechos humanos”, RODRÍGUEZ GARAVITO, C. (ed). Empresas y derechos humanos en el siglo XXI. La actividad corporativa bajo la lupa, entre las regulaciones internacionales y la acción de la sociedad civil, Buenos Aires: Siglo Veintiuno Editores, 2018, 191-218
KLABBERS, Jan, “The Undesirability of Soft Law”, Nordic Journal of International Law, 67, 1998, 381-391
KWEITEL, Juana, “Entorno regulatorio de las empresas y los derechos humanos Vías en la esfera internacional e ideas sobre las funciones de los grupos de la sociedad civil”, RODRÍGUEZ GARAVITO, C. (ed). Empresas y derechos humanos en el siglo XXI. La actividad corporativa bajo la lupa, entre las regulaciones internacionales y la acción de la sociedad civil, Buenos Aires: Siglo Veintiuno Editores, 2018, 233-250
LÓPEZ, Carlos (2018a), The Elements for the treaty on business & human rights: Is it a step forward?, en https://www.business-humanrights.org/en/the-elements-for-the-treaty-on-business-human-rights-is-it-a-step-forward
LÓPEZ, Carlos. (2017), “El camino hacia un instrumento jurídicamente vinculante en el área de empresas y derechos humanos: ¿de la responsabilidad social de la empresa a la responsabilidad legal de la empresa por vulneraciones a los derechos humanos?, Instituto Interamericano de Derechos Humanos, Derechos Humanos y Empresas: Reflexiones desde América Latina, San José de Costa Rica: 119-135
MELISH, Tara, “Volver a incluir “los derechos humanos” en los Principios Rectores de Naciones Unidas sobre las Empresas y los Derechos Humanos. Cambiar de marco e incorporar los derechos de participación”, RODRÍGUEZ GARAVITO, C. (ed). Empresas y derechos humanos en el siglo XXI. La actividad corporativa bajo la lupa, entre las regulaciones internacionales y la acción de la sociedad civil, Buenos Aires: Siglo Veintiuno Editores, 2018, 117-147
MELISH, Tara, J., MEIDINGER, Errol, “Protect, Respect, Remedy and Participate: ‘New Governance’ Lessons for the Ruggie Framework”, MARES, R. (ed.), The Un Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights: Foundations and Implementation, Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2012
METHVEN O’BRIEN, Claire, MEHRA, Amol, BLACKWELL, Sara, POULSEN-HANSEN, Cathrine B., “National Action Plans: Current Status and Future Prospects for a New Business and Human Rights Governance Tool”, Business and Human Rights Journal, Vol. 1 Issue 1, 2016, 117-126
MONTESINOS PADILLA, C. (2018a), “Protecting Human Rights Against Globalized Business Activity. Renewed Challenges to the Legal Taxonomy”, University of Oslo Faculty of Law Legal Studies Research Paper Series, No. 2018-24. En: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3262577
MONTESINOS PADILLA, C. (2018b) “La implementación de los Principios Ruggie. ¿Nuevos avances en la conformación de un Derecho global emergente?, Homa Publica, Vol. 02, Nº 02, pp. 78-107
MONTESINOS PADILLA, C. (2018c), “Los Principios Ruggie y la Agenda 2030. Un futuro de recíprocas influencias por explorar”, Revista Española de Derecho Internacional, Vol. 70/2, 183-208
OSTROM, Elinor, “Polycentric Systems for Coping with Collective Action and Global Environmental Change”, Global Environmental Change, Vol. 20, Issue 4, 2010, 550-557
PACK, Natalya S., NUSSBAUMER, James P., “Beyond Impunity: Strengthening the Legal Accountability of Transnational Corporations for Human Rights Abuses”, Hertie School of Governance Working Papers, No. 45, 2009
PAPAIOANNOU, Asimina-Manto, “The Illegal Exploitation of Natural Resources in the Democratic Republic of Congo: A Case Study on Corporate Complicity in Human Rights Abuses”, DE SHUTTER, O. (ed), Transnational Corporations and Human Rights, Oxford and Portland, Oregon: Hart Publishing, 2006, 263-286
RAUSTIALA, Kal, VÍCTOR, David G., “The Regime Complex for Plant Genetic Resources”, International Organization, 58(2), 2004, 277-309
RHODES, Aaron (2014) The False Promise of an International Business and Human Rights Treaty, Huffingtom Post. The Blog, 07/10/2014: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/aaron-rhodes/the-false-promise-of-an-i_b_5575236.html
RODRÍGUEZ GARAVITO, César, “Empresas y derechos humanos. Un marco conceptual y un mapa de estrategias regulatorias”, RODRÍGUEZ GARAVITO, C. (ed), Empresas y derechos humanos en el Siglo XXI. La actividad corporativa bajo la lupa, entre las regulaciones internacionales y la acción de la sociedad civil, Buenos Aires: Centro de Estudios de Derecho, Justicia y Sociedad (Dejusticia), 2018, 29-74
RONDINELLI, Dennis A., “Transnational Corporations: International Citizens or New Sovereigns?”, Business and Society Review, 107:4, 2002, 391-413
RUGGIE, John G., “The Social Construction of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights”, Corporate Responsibility Initiative. Harvard Kennedy School, Working Paper n. 67, June 2017
RUGGIE, John G. (2014), International Legalization in Business and Human Rights. En http://www.hks.harvard.edu/m-rcbg/CSRI/research/WFLS.pdf
RUGGIE, John G. (2013), Just Business: Multinational Corporations and Human Rights, Nueva York: W. W. Norton & Co.
RUGGIE, John G. (2007), Business and Human Rights: Mapping International Standards of Responsibility and Accountability for Corporate Acts. En https://www.business-humanrights.org/sites/default/files/media/bhr/files/SRSG-report-Human-Rights-Council-19-Feb-2007.pdf
RUGGIE, John G. (2006), “¿Jerarquía o ecosistema? La regulación de los riesgos relativos a los derechos humanos provenientes de las empresas multinacionales”, DE SHUTTER, O. (ed), Transnational Corporations and Human Rights, Xford and Portland, Oregon: Hart Publishing, 2006, 75-97
SARMIENTO, Daniel, El Soft Law Administrativo. Un estudio de los efectos vinculantes de las normas no vinculantes de la Administración, Pamplona: Thomson Civitas, 2008
SHAFFER, Gregory C., POLLACK, Mark A., “Hard versus soft law in international security”, Boston College Law Review, Vol. 52 Issue 04, 2011. 1147-1261
SHAFFER, Gregory C. (2010), “Hard vs soft law: alternatives, complements, and antagonists in international governance”, Minnesota Law Review, Vol. 94, 709-799
SHAMIR, Rhonen, “Corporate social responsibility: a case of hegemony and counter-hegemony”, DE SOUSA SANTOS, B., RODRÍGUEZ-GARAVITO, C. Law and globalization from below. Towards a Cosmopolitan Legality, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005, 92-117
SIMON, William H., ‘‘Solving Problems v. Claiming Rights: The Pragmatist Challenge to Legal Liberalism’’, Columbia Law School, Pub. Law Research Paper No. 03-58. En: https://ssrn.com/abstract=459325
TOMÁS Y VALIENTE, Francisco, “Independencia judicial y garantía de los derechos fundamentales”, Obras Completas. Vol. III, Madrid: CEPC, 1997
VON WRIGHTS, George H., “The crisis of social sciences and the withering away of the nation state”, Associations, No 1, 1997, 49-52