Genesis of Risks in Tourism: a view from Russia (2000–2022)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17676063Keywords:
COVID-19, Tourism, Risks in Tourism, Risk Reduction Methods, Travel Risk FactorsAbstract
Tourism safety has long been, and continues to be, a vital factor influencing both destination development and tourists’ motivation to select a vacation spot. Simultaneously, issues related to risk classification in tourism and mechanisms to mitigate their effects remain a focus for researchers and necessitate solutions. The study conducted a retrospective analysis of risks in tourism from the early 2000s to the present. In exploring risk reduction in tourism, the aim was to identify how risks affect the sector's stability and growth. In-depth interviews with 140 Russian researchers revealed that, beyond existing political, economic, epidemiological, and natural risks, other factors may also play a role. Risks, viewed as states of uncertainty, create a 'bifurcation' point at which it becomes impossible to project the future direction. Experts' forecasts regarding tourism risks are less optimistic than those of UNWTO representatives, who predict a recovery of the international tourism market by 2023. As a result of the research, a model illustrating the nature of risks in tourism was developed, categorized by their origin and influence level. The model includes examples of specific risks. An analysis of risks within the Russian tourism sector was performed, identifying effective mechanisms to mitigate their impact, including state support, strategic destination planning, and regional and local risk management, among others.
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