Anti-NDO-HSA, anti-LID-1 and anti-NDO-LID serological tests in household contacts of a non-endemic leprosy area
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34019/1982-8047.2018.v44.25750Keywords:
leprosy/Prevention and control, serologic tests, seroepidemiologic studiesAbstract
Introduction: Several factors may interfere in the development of leprosy, including genetic factors, conviviality with leprosy patients and operational classification of the case. Serological tests performed to evaluate the reactivity of IgM and IgG antibodies response against Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) specific antigens may be used as auxiliary tools for transmission surveillance and/or population at risk. Objective: To analyze the performance of anti-PGL-1 (NDO-HSA), anti-LID-1 and anti-NDO-LID serological tests in non-endemic area of leprosy and the relationship with characteristics of the leprosy case. Material and methods: This is a cross-sectional analytical study of 35 household contacts (HC) of leprosy cases. Data collection was carried out from August 2016 to February 2017 with home visits. The reactivity of IgM and IgG antibodies to Natural disaccharide linked to human serum albumin via octyl (NDO-HSA), Leprosy IDRI diagnostic 1 (LID-1) and Natural disaccharide octyl - Leprosy IDRI Diagnostic 1 (NDO-LID) was evaluated through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were exported and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 24 for Windows. Results: A higher proportion of positivity was observed in the HC tests of multibacillary (MB) leprosy cases who lived in the same dwelling with a leprosy case at the time of diagnosis and had a degree of kinship with the case. These multibacillary leprosy cases also showed seropositivity to the antigens tests. ELISA test index value was higher in the HC group of MB leprosy cases. There was moderate agreement (K = 0.53, p <0.0001) between anti-NDO-HSA and anti-NDO-LID tests, but no difference was found between anti-NDO-HSA and anti-LID -1 (K = -0.05, p = 0.678). Three antigens were positively correlated, but there was no statistical significance (p <0.186) between LID-1 and NDO-HSA. Conclusion: The results suggest that serological tests in combination with the characteristics assessed during household contacts in a non-endemic area may represent efficient auxiliary tools for the detection of M. leprae-infected individuals, providing a contribution to the surveillance of household contacts.
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