Would azathioprine in inflammatory bowel disease be a risk factor for Strongyloides stercoralis infection?

Abstract

Although azathioprine is one of the most common immunomodulatory drugs used in the treatment of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, some patients can develop imunnosuppression. Strongyloides stercoralis infection may be associated with immunocompromised patients. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the prevalence of this infection in patients with Inflammatory bowel disease being treated with azathioprine, through parasitologic stool examination. The association between peripheral blood eosinophil counts and the infection was also studied. In the group treated with azathioprine, 5.8% (4/69) patients were infected by Strongyloides stercoralis and showed high level of eosinophil. In the other group, treated with different drug, only one patient (1.8%) revealed the infection and the number of eosinophil was normal. These observations demonstrated that the infection caused by this parasite was more frequent in patients from rural area. Besides, the high level of eosinophil could be an indirect marker for this infection.