Obesidade e doença renal: aspectos fisiopatológicos

Autores

  • João Eduardo Schelb Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3125-3812
  • Rogério Baumgratz de Paula Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora
  • Danielle Guedes Andrade Ezequiel Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora
  • Mônica Barros Costa Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34019/1982-8047.2018.v44.13982

Palavras-chave:

Obesidade, Doença Renal Crônica, Glomeruloesclerose Segmentar e Focal, Síndrome Metabólica, Sobrepeso

Resumo

A epidemia de obesidade observada nas últimas décadas é acompanhada de aumento exponencial de doenças crônicas relacionadas, com destaque diabetes mellitus tipo 2, hipertensão arterial sistêmica, dislipidemia e doenças cardiovasculares. Do mesmo modo, a obesidade constitui fator de risco independente para o desenvolvimento de doença renal crônica, condição associada a elevados índices de morbidade e de mortalidade. A obesidade causa lesão renal de maneira indireta, por meio de sua estreita associação com hipertensão arterial sistêmica e com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e de maneira direta, ao induzir adaptações glomerulares que culminam na glomerulopatia especí­fica da obesidade. Além disso, o excesso de peso contribui para o agravamento de glomerulopatias pré-existentes. Múltiplos fatores explicam o desenvolvimento e o agravamento das lesões renais associadas à obesidade, em especial alterações hemodinâmicas, inflamatórias e metabólicas. Nesse contexto, a redução do peso corporal com ênfase nas alterações metabólicas e inflamatórias bem como o tratamento da hipertensão arterial e do diabetes mellitus constituem o primeiro passo para a prevenção primária e secundária do desenvolvimento de doença renal crônica. Nesta revisão serão apresentados os principais mecanismos fisiopatológicos da lesão renal associada à obesidade.

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Biografia do Autor

João Eduardo Schelb, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora

Médico

Rogério Baumgratz de Paula, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora

Médico Nefrologista.

Danielle Guedes Andrade Ezequiel, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora

Médico Endocrinologista.

Mônica Barros Costa, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora

Médico Endocrinologista.

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2019-04-04

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Schelb JE, de Paula RB, Ezequiel DGA, Costa MB. Obesidade e doença renal: aspectos fisiopatológicos. HU Rev [Internet]. 4º de abril de 2019 [citado 3º de outubro de 2024];44(2):231-9. Disponível em: https://periodicos.ufjf.br/index.php/hurevista/article/view/13982

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