A Sustentação do Artesanato Através do Apoio Governamental e Comunitário: Implicações para o Turismo Artesanal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6632463Palavras-chave:
Artesanato, História, Desenvolvimento econômico, Emprego, Sustentabilidade, Turismo, ÍndiaResumo
O setor de artesanato atrai milhões de turistas internacionais para a Índia. O setor de artesanato, juntamente com a agricultura, é central para o desenvolvimento rural da Índia. É um dos maiores contribuintes para a economia informal do país. Além do consumo doméstico, o artesanato é também um importante produto turístico. Este manuscrito posiciona o atual momento do setor artesanal em seu contexto histórico, observa os desafios persistentes e desdobráveis para o setor e propõe estratégias sustentáveis de revitalização. Ao longo da história, a Índia viu diferentes tipos de sistemas governamentais e mudanças nos costumes sociais; o artesanato continuou sendo uma importante área de atenção e sobreviveu até mesmo àquelas mudanças perturbadoras que aconteceram ocasionalmente na consciência da moda da sociedade. Ao interligar economia, sociedade, turismo e cultura, neste artigo os autores também tentam transformar a narrativa sobre o artesanato como algo que dá sentido e propósito à própria idéia da Índia. Também torna o artesanato um produto turístico muito único, oferecendo uma vantagem competitiva distinta para a nação.
Downloads
Referências
Adamson, G. (2007), Thinking Through Craft, Bloomsbury Academic, Oxford.
Adamson, G. (2013), The Invention of Craft, Bloomsbury Academic/V&A Publishing, London.
Alaev, L. B. (1982). Non-Agricultural Production, South India. The Cambridge Economic History of India, 1, 315-24.
Bayly, C.A. (1988). The Origins of Swadeshi (Home Industry): Cloth and Indian Society, 1700-1930. In Appadurai, A. (Ed.), The Social Life of Things: Commodities in Cultural Perspective, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 285–321.
Birdwood, G.C.M. (1880), The Industrial Arts of India, Chapman and Hall, London, available at: http://archive.org/details/industrialartsof00birduoft.
Brouwer, J. (1995). The Makers of the World: Caste, Craft, and Mind of South Indian Artisans, Oxford University Press.
Chandra, S. (1982). Standard of Living: Mughal India. The Cambridge Economic History of India, 1, 458-471.
Coomaraswamy, A.K. (1913). Arts and Crafts of India and Ceylon, T. N. Fouls, London, available at: http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.56757 (accessed 15 December 2017).
Davenport, S. G., & Mishtal, J. (2019). Whose Sustainability? An Analysis of a Community Farming Program's Food Justice and Environmental Sustainability Agenda. Culture, Agriculture, Food and Environment, 41(1), 56-65.
Digby, S. (2004). Northern India under the Sultanate: Economic Conditions before 1200. In Raychaudhuri, T. and Habib, I. (Eds.), Cambridge Economic History Of India c. 1200 - c. 1750, Vol. 1, Orient Longman Private Limited (Original work published by Cambridge University Press in 1982), New Delhi.
Export Promotion Council for Handicrafts. (20190. Handicrafts Export & Trade Data Of EPCH. Https://Www.Epch.In/, Government of Indian, 15 February, available at: https://www.epch.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=76&Itemid=182 (accessed 15 February 2019).
Export Promotion Council for Handicrafts. (2021a). Review Exports during 2020-21. Retrieved on 9 March, available at: https://www.epch.in/policies/exportdata.pdf.
Export Promotion Council for Handicrafts. (2021b). Handicrafts Export & Trade Data Of EPCH. Retrieved on 18 March, available at: https://www.epch.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=76&Itemid=181 (accessed 18 March 2021).
Fabindia. (2020). About Us. Fabindia.Com, 7 April, available at: https://www.fabindia.com/about-us (accessed 7 April 2020).
Fukazawa, H. (2004). Non-Agricultural Production: Maharashtra and the Deccan. In Raychaudhuri, T. and Habib, I. (Eds.), Cambridge Economic History Of India c. 1200 - c. 1750, Vol. 1, Orient Longman Private Limited (Original work published by Cambridge University Press in 1982), New Delhi, pp. 308–314.
George, B. & Henthorne, T. L. (2007). Tourism and the general agreement on trade in services: Sustainability and other developmental concerns. International Journal of Social Economics, 34(3), 136-146.
George, B. (2008). Local community's support for post-tsunami recovery efforts in an agrarian village and a tourist destination: a comparative analysis. Community Development Journal, 43(4), 444-458.
George, B. (2018). Inclusive Growth by Means Of Sustainable Supply Chains: A Case Study of the Dabbawalas Of Mumbai, India. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Knowledge, 6(2), 5-11.
Gupta, N. (2011). A Story of (foretold) Decline: Artisan Labour in India, available at:https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1903855.
Habib, I. (2004). Population. In Raychaudhuri, T. and Habib, I. (Eds.), Cambridge Economic History Of India c. 1200 - c. 1750, Vol. 1, Orient Longman Private Limited (Original work published by Cambridge University Press in 1982), New Delhi.
Havell, E.B. (1907). Essays on Indian Art, Industry & Education, Natesan, Madras.
Havell, E.B. (1912). The Basis for Artistic and Industrial Revival in India, Theosophist Office, Madras.
Kidwai, J. (2019). Reimagining Crafts in Contemporary Times. The Wire, 31 March, available at: https://thewire.in/the-arts/reimagining-crafts-in-contemporary-times (accessed 23 March 2021).
Korstanje, M. E., & George, B. (2012). Sustainable tourism and global warming: panacea, excuse, or just an accidental connection? Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 4(4), 383-394.
Majumdar, S.K. (2012), India’s Late, Late Industrial Revolution: Democratizing Entrepreneurship, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Ministry of Textiles. (2010), Handloom Census of India 2009-10, Government of India, New Delhi, available at: http://www.handlooms.nic.in/Writereaddata/Handloom%20report.pdf.
Ministry of Textiles. (2019). Fourth All India Handloom Census 2019-2020, Census, Government of India, Delhi, available at: http://handlooms.nic.in/writereaddata/3736.pdf (accessed 10 March 2021).
Okech, R., Haghiri, M., & George, B. P. (2015). Rural tourism as a sustainable development alternative: An analysis with special reference to Luanda, Kenya. CULTUR-Revista de Cultura e Turismo, 6(3), 36-54.
Parthasarathi, P. (2001). The transition to a colonial economy: weavers, merchants and kings in South India, 1720-1800 (No. 7). Cambridge University Press.
Press Information Bureau. (2015). First National Handloom Day to be celebrated on 7th August, 2015, 31 July, available at: https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=124037 (accessed 11 March 2021).
Press Information Bureau. (2020). National Handloom Day on 07th August 2020- Function being organized by Ministry of Textiles on Virtual Platform, Https://Pib.Gov.in/Indexd.Aspx, available at: pib.gov.in/Pressreleaseshare.aspx?PRID=1643739 (accessed 5 March 2021).
Raychaudhuri, T. (1982). Non-Agricultural Production: Mughal India. The Cambridge Economic History of India, 1, 261-307.
Roy, T. (2007). Out of tradition: master artisans and economic change in colonial India. The Journal of Asian Studies, 66(4), 963-991.Sardar, Z. (1996), “History of Indian Textiles”, in Hatanaka, K. (Ed.), Textile Arts of India, Chronicle Books, San Francisco, pp. 309–335.
Sarkar, S. (1973). The Swadeshi Movement in Bengal, 1903-1908, People’s Publishing House, New Delhi.
Singhania, O., Swain, S., & George, B. (2021). Women empowerment in a traditional masculine industry: Tourism in context. Economics, Management and Sustainability, 6(2), 60-71.
Tyabji, L. (2020). The Coronavirus Cloud Has a Potential Silver Lining for the Indian Crafts Sector. The Wire, 6 June, available at: https://thewire.in/labour/coronavirus-silver-lining-indian-crafts-sector (accessed 23 March 2021).
Varman, R., & Belk, R. W. (2009). Nationalism and ideology in an anticonsumption movement. Journal of consumer research, 36(4), 686-700.
Virtanen, P. K., Siragusa, L., & Guttorm, H. (2020). Introduction: Toward more inclusive definitions of sustainability. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 43, 77-82.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2022 Revista Latino-Americana de Turismologia
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Salvo quando expressamente indicado em contrário, todo o conteúdo desta revista (RELAT) está licenciado por Creative Commons, Atribuição Não Comercial / Sem Derivações / 4.0 / Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
Portanto, os autores concordam que as obras publicadas nesta revista estão sujeitas aos seguintes termos:
1. A Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, por meio do seu Centro Latino Americano de Turismologia (CELAT), aqui denominado como o editorial, conserva os direitos patrimoniais (direitos autorais) das obras publicadas.
© Centro Latino Americano de Turismologia (CELAT), Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2020.
2. Pode-se copiar, usar, difundir, transmitir e expor publicamente, desde que: i) seja citada a autoria e a fonte original de sua publicação (revista, editorial e URL da obra); ii) não seja utilizada para fins comerciais; iii) seja mencionada a existência e as especificações desta licença de uso.