Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: Scientific Evidence Underlying Current Recommendations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34019/1982-8047.2023.v49.41822Keywords:
Morte Súbita do Lactente, Cuidado da Criança, Sono, RevisãoAbstract
Background: Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), defined as the unexpected death of a child under one year of age during sleep, of unexplained cause even after autopsy, is a condition with known and mostly modifiable risk factors. Objective: To highlight the scientific evidence on which the recommendations of the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Brazilian Society of Pediatrics for SIDS prevention are based. Methods: Literature review based on the societies' recommendations for SIDS prevention, searching for evidence that supports each recommendation. Results: The recommendations for SIDS prevention include placing the infant in a supine position for sleep; using a firm, flat, and non-inclined sleep surface; breastfeeding for as long as possible; room-sharing with parents for the first six months of life; keeping the crib free from soft objects; offering a pacifier during sleep; avoiding exposure to smoking; not using cardiorespiratory monitors. For all these recommendations, scientific evidence was presented, predominantly from case-control studies. Conclusion: The recommendations for SIDS prevention are based on sufficient scientific evidence, and healthcare professionals who care for young children and their families need to stay updated and attentive to them, actively promoting sleep safety.
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