Criaturas míticas e imagens de si no antigo Israel e Judá

Silas Klein Cardoso

doi:10.34019/2236-6296.2025.v28.48254

Autores

Silas Klein Cardoso Faculdade Unida de Vitória https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8266-8693

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34019/2236-6296.2025.v28.48254

Palavras-chave:

criaturas míticas, monstruoso, sul do Levante antigo, Israel/Palestine antiga, iconografia antiga

Resumo

Criaturas míticas ou fantásticas ocupam um lugar paradoxal na história das religiões do sul do Levante antigo e exegese veterotestamentária. Embora sua onipresença inevitavelmente as torne objetos de estudo, elas são normalmente domesticadas por meio de sublimação sociológica ou teológica. Em outras palavras, apesar de serem recorrentes nos estudos da área, elas permanecem relegadas aos domínios da alteridade, seja como insígnias de poderes do além (e.g. como manifestações teológicas/psicossociais) ou como manifestações desses poderes (e.g. como instrumentalizações apotropaicas). A partir do estudo de selos epigráficos com iconografia do Período do Ferro IIB-C (c. 775-520 aEC), este artigo desafia essas abordagens e caracteriza criaturas míticas como seres liminares imbricados entre alteridade e identidade. Essas pequenas mídias mistas ou “imagemtextos” apresentam nomes pessoais em relação direta a seres teriomórficos e teriantrópicos, sendo fonte privilegiada para revelar ideias de personalidade e suas relações com seres fantásticos na antiga Palestina/Israel. Para isso, o estudo emprega abordagem antropofágica com insights da teoria dos monstros, estudos intersemióticos e religião material.

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Biografia do Autor

Silas Klein Cardoso, Faculdade Unida de Vitória

Professor permanente e coordenador do Programa de Pós-Graduação Profissional em Ciências das Religiões da Faculdade Unida de Vitória (FUV). Livre-docente em Teologia Protestante (Antigo Testamento com enfoque no universo bíblico; Univ. Berna/CH, 2024), doutor em Ciências da Religião (UMESP, 2019), mestre em Ciências da Religião (UMESP, 2015) e bacharel em Teologia (UMESP, 2013) e Comunicação Social (UMESP, 2007). Realizou pesquisas pós-doutorais em Antigo Testamento (Univ. Berna/CH, 2020-2023) e História das Religiões e Religiões Comparadas (Univ. Zurique/CH, 2021-2021 [SNF] e 2021-2022 [ProgramaGPCT/CAPES]).

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