Rinse-free bathing in bedridden patients: a systematic review on the efficacy and safety of the procedure
Série temática: Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde Hospitalar (ATS-H)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34019/1982-8047.2023.v49.42912Keywords:
Baths, Patient care, Personal hygiene products, Systematic reviewAbstract
Introduction: Rinse-free bathing is being used in some health institutions to replace conventional bed bathing, however, there is insufficient evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of this procedure. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of rinse-free baths in adult and old patients who require bed care. Materials and Methods: a systematic review was carried out, using the PRISMA statement as a guide. Three researchers independently, and consensually carried out the data selection and extraction phases. The inclusion criteria were: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials (RCT) or quasi-experimental studies (QES) that evaluated the safety and efficacy outcomes of using a rinse-free bath. The search took place in the PubMed, COCHRANE, Web of Science and SCOPUS databases. The terms used in the searches were "Baths", "Patient Assistance", "personal hygiene products". Finally, the risk of bias of the studies was assessed using the ROB2 and Robins-I tools. Results: Four RCT and two QES studies were included. Three were classified as high risk of bias or some concerns. Two articles evaluated skin colonization, and one study evaluated skin integrity. There was a reduction in microbiota, and skin lesions in the rinse-free bath group. Most studies (three) didn’t show difference in cost between a no-rinse bath and a dry bath, however, there was less working time for nursing professionals. Conclusion: the use of a rinse-free bath proved to be effective in reducing skin microbiota, reducing the costs of nursing hours, and increasing satisfaction for patients, and professionals. As for safety, a study showed that rinsing baths were in favor of conventional baths. It is necessary to interpret the results with caution, given the methodological quality of some of the studies analyzed.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Adriana Cristina Nicolussi, Elizabeth Barichello, Karoline Faria de Oliveira, Valter Paulo Neves Miranda, Thaís Santos Guerra Stacciarini, Saulo Pereira da Costa
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