Da “Unidade de Ideias” na Sociologia do Lazer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34019/2448-198X.2020.v6.33109Palavras-chave:
Lazer; Trabalho; Integração Social; Bem-estar; Sociedade do Lazer.Resumo
Já foi dito que os conceitos de lazer e trabalho têm significado sociológico apenas vis-à-vis uns aos outros. A noção de “unidade de idéias” (ou “ideias elementares”), de Robert Nisbet, referindo-se a preocupações históricas comuns, é usada neste artigo para examinar as mudanças nas avaliações do papel atribuído ao lazer e ao trabalho ao longo da história. Que papel foi atribuído ao lazer e ao trabalho no passado e é atribuído a eles hoje na formação da identidade humana, estimulando a mudança social, reforçando a integração social, elevando a igualdade social e contribuindo para o bem-estar? Duas outras questões controversas examinadas no artigo estão associadas aos efeitos alienantes da divisão do trabalho sobre o lazer e as visões conflitantes em relação à chegada da “sociedade do lazer”. O artigo tenta demonstrar que as relações entre trabalho e lazer não são “uni-lineares” e o limite de bem-estar não é entre trabalho e lazer, mas dentro deles.
Palavras-chave: Lazer; Trabalho; Integração Social; Bem-estar; Sociedade do Lazer.
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Referências
Anderson, N. (1961) Work and Leisure, New York, Free Press of Glencoe.
Andreae, C.A. (1970). Okonomik der Freizeit. Hamburg: Rowohlt.
Apostol, T.M. (1969) Calculus, Vol. II. John Wiley & Sons.
Aquinas, T. (2006/1265-1274) Summa Theologica. Project Gutenberg. Part II-II.
Arendt, H. (1958) The Human Condition. The University of Chicago Press.
Aristotle, (1996) Nicomachean Ethics, (translated by Rackham), Wordsworth Classic.
Aristotle, (2009) The Politics and The Constitution of Athens. Ed. by S. Everson, Cambridge University Press.
Bell, D. (1960) The End of Ideology, Glencoe, Illinois, Free Press.
Bell, Daniel (1973) The Coming of Post-Industrial Society. New York: Basic Books, Inc.
Berger, B. (1963) The Sociology of Leisure: Some Suggestions. In E.O. Smigel (ed.) Work and Leisure: A Contemporary Social Problem, New Haven, CT, College and University Press
Bourdieu, P. (1984) Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste, London, Routledge & Kegan
Bücher, K. (1893) Die Entſtehung der Volkswirtſchaft. Tübingen.
Bücher, K. (1899) Arbeit und Rhythmus. Leipzig, B. G. Teubner Verlag.
Burns, L. (1993) Busy bodies: Why our time-obsessed society keeps us running in place. New York: W.W. Norton & Co.
Carlyle, T. (1843) Past and Present. Boston: Little, Brown.
Christensen, P. (2012) Athletics and Social Order in Sparta in the Classical Period, Classical Antiquity, Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 193-255
Clark, J. and Critcher, C. (1985) The Devil Makes Work, Basingstoke, Macmillan
Comte, A. (2007/1830) Cours de philosophie positive, IV, p. 430
D’Angour, A. (2013) Plato and Play Taking Education Seriously in Ancient Greece, American Journal of Play, volume 5, number 3
Dahrendorf, R. (1959) Social Classes and Class Conflict in Industrial Society. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
De Grazia, S. (1962) Of Time, Work and Leisure. Garden City, NY Anchor Books.
Dumazedier, J. (1967) Toward the Society of Leisure. New York: The Free Press. (Annecy).
Durkheim, E. (1964/1893) The Division of Labor in Society, New York: Free Press of Glencoe.
Durkheim, E. (2012/1912) The Elementary Forms of Religious Life. The Project Gutenberg.
Elias, N. and E. Dunning (1993) Quest for Excitement. Sport and Leisure in the Civilizing Process. Massachusetts: Blackwell.
Ellul, J. (1964) The Technological Society. New York: Vintage Books.
Engels, F. (2010/1883) Dialectics of Nature. In: Marx & Engels, Collected Works, Vol. 25, Lawrence & Wishart Electric Book
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Fourastié, J. (1965). Les 40,000 heurs. Inventaire de l’avenir. Paris: Laffont-Gonthier.
Friedman, G. (1961). The Anatomy of Work, Labour, Leisure, and the Implications of Automation, Glencoe, Illinois: Free Press.
Galbraith, J. K. (1967) The New Industrial State. Boston, Houghton Mifflin.
Gershuny, J. (2012) National Utility: Measuring the Enjoyment of Activities European Sociological Review Vol. 29 No 5, 996–1009.
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Greenberg, C. (1958) Work and Leisure Under Industrialism, in Larabee, E. and R. Meyersohn, Mass Leisure, Glencoe, Illinois: Free Press.
Groos, K. (1896) Die Spiele der Tiere. Jena (quoted in Plekhanov).
Grossin, W. (1969) Le Travail et le Temps. Horaires-durees-rythmes. Editions Anthropos.
Hesiod (1988) Theogony and Works and Days. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Huizinga. J. (1955/1938) Homo Ludens: A Study of the Play-Element in Culture. Boston: Beacon Press.
Hunnicutt, B.K. (2006) The History of Western Leisure. In: A Handbook of Leisure Studies. Ed. by C. Rojek, S.M. Shaw and A.J. Veal, Palgrave Macmillan.
Iso-Ahola, S. (1980) The Social Psychology of Leisure and Recreation. William C Brown.
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Kant, I. (2018/1785) Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Kelvin, P. (1981) Work and leisure: The implications of technological change. Manuscript from SIRLS.
Keynes, J. M. (1930) Economic Possibilities for our Grandchildren. In Essays in Persuasion, New York: Norton & Co.
Klapp, O. E. (1978) Opening and Closing: Strategies of Information Adaptation in Society. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
Kraus, R. (1971) Recreation and Leisure in Modern Society. Appleton Century-Crofts.
Lafargue, P. (2011/1883) The Right to be Lazy: Essays by Paul Lafargue. Chicago: Charles H. Kerr
Linder, S. (1970) The Harried Leisure Class. New York: Columbia University Press.
Lundberg, G. A., M. Komarovsky and M.A. McInerny (1960/1934) Leisure: A Suburban Study. New York: Columbia University Press.
Lüschen, G. (1963) Soziale Schichtung und Soziale Mobilität bei Jungen Sportlern. In Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie 15.
Malinowski, B. (1922) Argonauts of the Western Pacific: An account of native enterprise and adventure in the Archipelagoes of Melanesian New Guinea. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
Marcuse, H. (1964) One Dimensional Man. Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society. Boston: Beacon Press.
Marx, K. (2010/1883) Capital. A Critique of Political Economy, Vol. III www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works
Marx, K. (1953/1857) Grundrisse der Kritik der politischen Okonomie, Berlin
Marx, K. (2009/1844) Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844. www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1844/manuscripts/preface.htm
Marx, K. (2015/ 1883) Capital. www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1867-c1/p5.htm
McCormack, T. (1971) Politics and leisure, International Journal of Comparative Sociology, XII pp. 169-181
McLuhan, M. (1964) Understanding Media, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul Limited.
Meissner, M. (1971) The Long Arm of the Job: A Study of Work and Leisure. Industrial Relations 10, 239-60
Meyersohn, R. (1972) Leisure. In: The Human Meaning of Social Change, Ed. by A. Campbell and P.E. Converse, New York, Russell Sage Foundation.
More, T. (2005/1516) Utopia. The Project Gutenberg.
Murphy, J. F. (1974) Concepts of leisure: philosophical implications. Prentice Hall
Neulinger, J. (1974) The Psychology of Leisure. Charles C. Thomas, Springfield.
Newman, D.B., Tay, L., and Diener, E. (2014) Leisure Engagement and Subjective Well-Being: A Meta-Analysis, Psychological Bulletin 141(2).
Nietzsche, F. (2008/1882) The Gay Science. Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy. Cambridge University Press.
Nisbet, R. (1966) The Sociological Tradition. New York: Basic Books.
Ortega y Gasset, J. ([1929] 1930). The Revolt of the Masses. New York: Norton.
Orwell, G. (1968/1945) The Collected Essays, Journalism and Letters of George Orwell 1903-1950. Vol. IV, London: Secker & Warburg
Parker, S. (1971) The Future of Work and Leisure, London: Praeger.
Pericles’ funeral oration. [incomplete] www.greatbooksojai.com/Pericles_Funeral_Oration_Crawley.pdf
Pieper, J. (1963/1952) Leisure. The Basis of Culture. New York: Random House.
Plato (2008a) Republic. The Project Gutenberg EBook.
Plato (2008) Laws. The Gutenberg Project Ebook.
Plekhanov, G. (1958/1899) Unaddressed Letters. In: Literatura i Estetika. Moscow; Khudozhestvennaja Literatura www.marxists.org/archive/plekhanov/1912/art/index.htm
Plutarch’s Lives (1914) New York: The Macmillan Co.
Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. (1922) The Andaman Islanders: A Study in Social Anthropology. Cambridge University Press.
Rademakers, L. (2003) Filosofie van de vrije tijd. The Netherlands: Damon Publishers.
Reid, I. (1998) Class in Britain, Cambridge, Polity Press
Richta, R. et al. (1969) Civilization at the Crossroads, Prague: International Arts and Sciences Press Inc.
Riesman, D. (1950). The Lonely Crowd, New York: Doubleday Anchor Books.
Rifkin, J. (1987) The time wars. New York: Henry Holt & Co.
Roberts, K. (1970). Leisure, London: Longman.
Robinson, J. (1989) Time’s up. American Demographics, 11(7), 6–7.
Robinson, J. P. (1977) How Americans Use Time. A Socio-Psychological Analysis of Everyday Behaviour. New York: Praeger.
Samaras, T. (2012) Leisured Aristocrats or Warrior-Farmers? Leisure in Plato’s Laws, Classical Philology, Vol. 107, No. 1, pp. 1-20
Say, J.-B. (1803) Traite d’economie politique, Book I, ch. viii (quoted in Durkheim’s DLS)
Scheuch, E. K. (1965). Die Problematik der Freizeit in der Massengesellschaft. in: Universitatstage.
Schor, J. (1991) The Overworked American: The Unexpected Decline of Leisure. New York: Basic Books.
Scott, J. (1982) The Upper Classes: Property and Privilege in Britain, Basingstoke, Macmillan.
Sennett, R. (1998) The Corrosion of Character: the personal consequences of work in the new capitalism, New York: Norton.
Smith, A. (2007/1776) An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Amsterdam: MεταLibri.
Sorokin, P. (1937-1941) The Social and Cultural Dynamics. Cincinnati: American Book Company.
Thucydides (1996/423 BC) Pericles’ Funeral Oration. University of Minnesota. Human Rights Library.
Tocqueville, A. (1954/1835-1840) Democracy in America, Democracy in America, Vol. 1, New York: Schocken Books; Vol. 2 (1945/1840) New York: Vintage Books
University Press.
Veal, A.J. (2018) Whatever Happened to the Leisure Society? Hardback Routledge, Critical Leisure Studies.
Veblen, T. (1953/1899) Theory of the Leisure Class. New York: Mentor Books.
Veblen, T. (1953/1899) Theory of the Leisure Class. New York: Mentor Books.
Weber, M. (1958/1904-1905), The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons
Wilensky, H. (1963) The uneven distribution of leisure: The impact of economic growth on free time. In Work and Leisure. Ed. by E. 0. Smigel. New Haven, Connecticut: College and University Press: 107—145.
Wilensky, H.L. (1981). Family Life Cycle, Work and the Quality of Life: Reflections on the roots of happiness, despair, and indifference in modern society, No. 442.
Wippler, R. (1968) Social Determinants of Leisure Behavior. Assen: Van Gorcum & Comp.
Wippler, R. (1970) Leisure Behaviour: A Multivariate Approach. Sociologia Neerlandica 6, pp. 51-67
Wundt, W. (2006/1886) Ethics: The Facts of Moral Life. Cosimo Classics.
Xenophon (1994) Memorabilia. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Xenophon (2014) Apology of Socrates to the Jury. eBooks@Adelaide.
Zuzanek, J. (2007) Beginnings of Leisure Research in North America: A Forgotten Legacy? In: R. McCarville and K. MacKay (Eds.) Leisure for Canadians, State College, PA: Venture Publications, pp.17-26
Zuzanek, J. and Zuzanek, T. (2015) Of Happiness and of Despair, Is There a Measure? Time Use and Subjective Wellbeing, Journal of Happiness Studies 16: 839-856.
Zuzanek, J. What happened to the society of leisure? Of the gap between the “haves” and “have nots” Social Indicators DOI 10.1007/s11205-015-1133-0.
Andreae, C.A. (1970). Okonomik der Freizeit. Hamburg: Rowohlt.
Apostol, T.M. (1969) Calculus, Vol. II. John Wiley & Sons.
Aquinas, T. (2006/1265-1274) Summa Theologica. Project Gutenberg. Part II-II.
Arendt, H. (1958) The Human Condition. The University of Chicago Press.
Aristotle, (1996) Nicomachean Ethics, (translated by Rackham), Wordsworth Classic.
Aristotle, (2009) The Politics and The Constitution of Athens. Ed. by S. Everson, Cambridge University Press.
Bell, D. (1960) The End of Ideology, Glencoe, Illinois, Free Press.
Bell, Daniel (1973) The Coming of Post-Industrial Society. New York: Basic Books, Inc.
Berger, B. (1963) The Sociology of Leisure: Some Suggestions. In E.O. Smigel (ed.) Work and Leisure: A Contemporary Social Problem, New Haven, CT, College and University Press
Bourdieu, P. (1984) Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste, London, Routledge & Kegan
Bücher, K. (1893) Die Entſtehung der Volkswirtſchaft. Tübingen.
Bücher, K. (1899) Arbeit und Rhythmus. Leipzig, B. G. Teubner Verlag.
Burns, L. (1993) Busy bodies: Why our time-obsessed society keeps us running in place. New York: W.W. Norton & Co.
Carlyle, T. (1843) Past and Present. Boston: Little, Brown.
Christensen, P. (2012) Athletics and Social Order in Sparta in the Classical Period, Classical Antiquity, Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 193-255
Clark, J. and Critcher, C. (1985) The Devil Makes Work, Basingstoke, Macmillan
Comte, A. (2007/1830) Cours de philosophie positive, IV, p. 430
D’Angour, A. (2013) Plato and Play Taking Education Seriously in Ancient Greece, American Journal of Play, volume 5, number 3
Dahrendorf, R. (1959) Social Classes and Class Conflict in Industrial Society. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
De Grazia, S. (1962) Of Time, Work and Leisure. Garden City, NY Anchor Books.
Dumazedier, J. (1967) Toward the Society of Leisure. New York: The Free Press. (Annecy).
Durkheim, E. (1964/1893) The Division of Labor in Society, New York: Free Press of Glencoe.
Durkheim, E. (2012/1912) The Elementary Forms of Religious Life. The Project Gutenberg.
Elias, N. and E. Dunning (1993) Quest for Excitement. Sport and Leisure in the Civilizing Process. Massachusetts: Blackwell.
Ellul, J. (1964) The Technological Society. New York: Vintage Books.
Engels, F. (2010/1883) Dialectics of Nature. In: Marx & Engels, Collected Works, Vol. 25, Lawrence & Wishart Electric Book
Fourastié, J. (1960) The Causes of Wealth. Glencoe, Ill.: The Free Press.
Fourastié, J. (1965). Les 40,000 heurs. Inventaire de l’avenir. Paris: Laffont-Gonthier.
Friedman, G. (1961). The Anatomy of Work, Labour, Leisure, and the Implications of Automation, Glencoe, Illinois: Free Press.
Galbraith, J. K. (1967) The New Industrial State. Boston, Houghton Mifflin.
Gershuny, J. (2012) National Utility: Measuring the Enjoyment of Activities European Sociological Review Vol. 29 No 5, 996–1009.
Gershuny, J. and Fisher, K. (1999) ISER working paper No 99-03. Colchester, Essex: Institute for Social and Economic Research.
Greenberg, C. (1958) Work and Leisure Under Industrialism, in Larabee, E. and R. Meyersohn, Mass Leisure, Glencoe, Illinois: Free Press.
Groos, K. (1896) Die Spiele der Tiere. Jena (quoted in Plekhanov).
Grossin, W. (1969) Le Travail et le Temps. Horaires-durees-rythmes. Editions Anthropos.
Hesiod (1988) Theogony and Works and Days. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Huizinga. J. (1955/1938) Homo Ludens: A Study of the Play-Element in Culture. Boston: Beacon Press.
Hunnicutt, B.K. (2006) The History of Western Leisure. In: A Handbook of Leisure Studies. Ed. by C. Rojek, S.M. Shaw and A.J. Veal, Palgrave Macmillan.
Iso-Ahola, S. (1980) The Social Psychology of Leisure and Recreation. William C Brown.
James, W. (1904) What is Pragmatism. In: Writings 1902-1910, Library of America
Kant, I. (2018/1785) Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Kelvin, P. (1981) Work and leisure: The implications of technological change. Manuscript from SIRLS.
Keynes, J. M. (1930) Economic Possibilities for our Grandchildren. In Essays in Persuasion, New York: Norton & Co.
Klapp, O. E. (1978) Opening and Closing: Strategies of Information Adaptation in Society. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
Kraus, R. (1971) Recreation and Leisure in Modern Society. Appleton Century-Crofts.
Lafargue, P. (2011/1883) The Right to be Lazy: Essays by Paul Lafargue. Chicago: Charles H. Kerr
Linder, S. (1970) The Harried Leisure Class. New York: Columbia University Press.
Lundberg, G. A., M. Komarovsky and M.A. McInerny (1960/1934) Leisure: A Suburban Study. New York: Columbia University Press.
Lüschen, G. (1963) Soziale Schichtung und Soziale Mobilität bei Jungen Sportlern. In Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie 15.
Malinowski, B. (1922) Argonauts of the Western Pacific: An account of native enterprise and adventure in the Archipelagoes of Melanesian New Guinea. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
Marcuse, H. (1964) One Dimensional Man. Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society. Boston: Beacon Press.
Marx, K. (2010/1883) Capital. A Critique of Political Economy, Vol. III www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works
Marx, K. (1953/1857) Grundrisse der Kritik der politischen Okonomie, Berlin
Marx, K. (2009/1844) Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844. www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1844/manuscripts/preface.htm
Marx, K. (2015/ 1883) Capital. www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1867-c1/p5.htm
McCormack, T. (1971) Politics and leisure, International Journal of Comparative Sociology, XII pp. 169-181
McLuhan, M. (1964) Understanding Media, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul Limited.
Meissner, M. (1971) The Long Arm of the Job: A Study of Work and Leisure. Industrial Relations 10, 239-60
Meyersohn, R. (1972) Leisure. In: The Human Meaning of Social Change, Ed. by A. Campbell and P.E. Converse, New York, Russell Sage Foundation.
More, T. (2005/1516) Utopia. The Project Gutenberg.
Murphy, J. F. (1974) Concepts of leisure: philosophical implications. Prentice Hall
Neulinger, J. (1974) The Psychology of Leisure. Charles C. Thomas, Springfield.
Newman, D.B., Tay, L., and Diener, E. (2014) Leisure Engagement and Subjective Well-Being: A Meta-Analysis, Psychological Bulletin 141(2).
Nietzsche, F. (2008/1882) The Gay Science. Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy. Cambridge University Press.
Nisbet, R. (1966) The Sociological Tradition. New York: Basic Books.
Ortega y Gasset, J. ([1929] 1930). The Revolt of the Masses. New York: Norton.
Orwell, G. (1968/1945) The Collected Essays, Journalism and Letters of George Orwell 1903-1950. Vol. IV, London: Secker & Warburg
Parker, S. (1971) The Future of Work and Leisure, London: Praeger.
Pericles’ funeral oration. [incomplete] www.greatbooksojai.com/Pericles_Funeral_Oration_Crawley.pdf
Pieper, J. (1963/1952) Leisure. The Basis of Culture. New York: Random House.
Plato (2008a) Republic. The Project Gutenberg EBook.
Plato (2008) Laws. The Gutenberg Project Ebook.
Plekhanov, G. (1958/1899) Unaddressed Letters. In: Literatura i Estetika. Moscow; Khudozhestvennaja Literatura www.marxists.org/archive/plekhanov/1912/art/index.htm
Plutarch’s Lives (1914) New York: The Macmillan Co.
Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. (1922) The Andaman Islanders: A Study in Social Anthropology. Cambridge University Press.
Rademakers, L. (2003) Filosofie van de vrije tijd. The Netherlands: Damon Publishers.
Reid, I. (1998) Class in Britain, Cambridge, Polity Press
Richta, R. et al. (1969) Civilization at the Crossroads, Prague: International Arts and Sciences Press Inc.
Riesman, D. (1950). The Lonely Crowd, New York: Doubleday Anchor Books.
Rifkin, J. (1987) The time wars. New York: Henry Holt & Co.
Roberts, K. (1970). Leisure, London: Longman.
Robinson, J. (1989) Time’s up. American Demographics, 11(7), 6–7.
Robinson, J. P. (1977) How Americans Use Time. A Socio-Psychological Analysis of Everyday Behaviour. New York: Praeger.
Samaras, T. (2012) Leisured Aristocrats or Warrior-Farmers? Leisure in Plato’s Laws, Classical Philology, Vol. 107, No. 1, pp. 1-20
Say, J.-B. (1803) Traite d’economie politique, Book I, ch. viii (quoted in Durkheim’s DLS)
Scheuch, E. K. (1965). Die Problematik der Freizeit in der Massengesellschaft. in: Universitatstage.
Schor, J. (1991) The Overworked American: The Unexpected Decline of Leisure. New York: Basic Books.
Scott, J. (1982) The Upper Classes: Property and Privilege in Britain, Basingstoke, Macmillan.
Sennett, R. (1998) The Corrosion of Character: the personal consequences of work in the new capitalism, New York: Norton.
Smith, A. (2007/1776) An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Amsterdam: MεταLibri.
Sorokin, P. (1937-1941) The Social and Cultural Dynamics. Cincinnati: American Book Company.
Thucydides (1996/423 BC) Pericles’ Funeral Oration. University of Minnesota. Human Rights Library.
Tocqueville, A. (1954/1835-1840) Democracy in America, Democracy in America, Vol. 1, New York: Schocken Books; Vol. 2 (1945/1840) New York: Vintage Books
University Press.
Veal, A.J. (2018) Whatever Happened to the Leisure Society? Hardback Routledge, Critical Leisure Studies.
Veblen, T. (1953/1899) Theory of the Leisure Class. New York: Mentor Books.
Veblen, T. (1953/1899) Theory of the Leisure Class. New York: Mentor Books.
Weber, M. (1958/1904-1905), The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons
Wilensky, H. (1963) The uneven distribution of leisure: The impact of economic growth on free time. In Work and Leisure. Ed. by E. 0. Smigel. New Haven, Connecticut: College and University Press: 107—145.
Wilensky, H.L. (1981). Family Life Cycle, Work and the Quality of Life: Reflections on the roots of happiness, despair, and indifference in modern society, No. 442.
Wippler, R. (1968) Social Determinants of Leisure Behavior. Assen: Van Gorcum & Comp.
Wippler, R. (1970) Leisure Behaviour: A Multivariate Approach. Sociologia Neerlandica 6, pp. 51-67
Wundt, W. (2006/1886) Ethics: The Facts of Moral Life. Cosimo Classics.
Xenophon (1994) Memorabilia. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Xenophon (2014) Apology of Socrates to the Jury. eBooks@Adelaide.
Zuzanek, J. (2007) Beginnings of Leisure Research in North America: A Forgotten Legacy? In: R. McCarville and K. MacKay (Eds.) Leisure for Canadians, State College, PA: Venture Publications, pp.17-26
Zuzanek, J. and Zuzanek, T. (2015) Of Happiness and of Despair, Is There a Measure? Time Use and Subjective Wellbeing, Journal of Happiness Studies 16: 839-856.
Zuzanek, J. What happened to the society of leisure? Of the gap between the “haves” and “have nots” Social Indicators DOI 10.1007/s11205-015-1133-0.
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2020-12-24
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Zuzanek , J. (2020). Da “Unidade de Ideias” na Sociologia do Lazer. Revista Latino-Americana De Turismologia, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.34019/2448-198X.2020.v6.33109
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