Complications associated with orthognathic surgery: a retrospective study of 100 cases
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34019/1982-8047.2024.v50.41851Keywords:
Orthognathic Surgery, Postoperative Complications, OsteotomyAbstract
Introduction: Advances in surgical techniques aim to enhance safety, predictability, and reduce morbidity in orthognathic surgery. However, as with any surgical procedure, there are risks of complications during and after the intervention. Objective: To identify intraoperative complications and postoperative complications in orthognathic surgery procedures performed at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (HU-UFJF) and the Santa Casa Hospital in Juiz de Fora. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed medical records, from February to December 2020, containing surgical descriptions and imaging exams of patients undergoing orthognathic surgery at HU-UFJF and Santa Casa Hospital during the same period. Results: Out of 100 medical records assessed, 18% exhibited intraoperative complications, and 70% presented postoperative complications. There was no significant association between age and the presence of intraoperative (p= 0.843) or postoperative complications (p= 0.694). Similarly, no association was observed between gender, intraoperative complications, and postoperative complications (p= 0.298 and p= 0.383). There was a significant association between complications and the type of osteotomy (p= 0.001), but not with intraoperative complications (p= 0.021). Conclusion: There are a wide variety of complications associated with orthognathic surgery, which must be recognized and treated in a timely manner to prevent severe consequences. The most frequent intraoperative changes recorded in this study involved the maxillary gap with the need for bone grafting in the osteotomy at Le Fort I level and difficulty in fixing the bone segments, associated with the sagittal osteotomy of the bilateral ramus of the mandible and chin. The most common complication was transient paresthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve associated with bilateral sagittal osteotomy of the mandibular ramus in combined or exclusive surgeries on the lower third of the face.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Karla Arrigoni Gomes, Paula Mylena Paiva de Souza, Luiz Miguel Ferreira, Rodrigo César Santiago, Eduardo Stehling Urbano
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