The Socio, Economic, and Environmental Impacts of Casino Tourism in Goa
Palavras-chave:
Binary logit analysis, Resident perceptions, Tourism segmentation, Casino Tourism, Tourism industryResumo
This study investigates resident perception towards Casino Tourism which may be helpful for the formulation of possible strategic tourism policies. Binary logit model was applied to reveal the heterogeneity of resident’s perception towards casino tourismimpacts. The result of this study reflects the overall opinions of the sample population, and further identifies relatively homogeneous opinion groups. Age, gender, income, education, length of residence was found to have a significant impact on perceptions about casino tourism. Binary logit model and marginal increase function were used to predict increase/decrease in probability to belong to analyzed group by variation in demographic profiles, thus contributing to the debate on casino tourism sustainability.
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Referências
AKIS, S., PERISTIANIS, N.; WARNER, J. Residents attitudes to tourism development: The case Cyprus. Tourism Management, 17(7), 481-494., 1996.
ALFONSO, Vargas.Explaining residents attitudes to tourism: Is a universal model possible? Annals of Tourism Research, 38(2), 460–480, 2011.
AP J.; CROMPTON J. L. Residents’ strategies in responding to tourism impacts. Journal of Travel Research 17(4): 610–616, 1993.
AP, J. Residents’ perceptions on tourism impacts, Annals of Tourism Research. 19(4), 665-690, 1992.
AP, J. Residents’ Perceptions Research on the Social Impacts of Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 17(4), 610- 616, 1990.
BACK, K; LEE, C. Residents Perceptions of Casino Development in Korea: The Kangwon land Casino Case. UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal. 9/2. 45-53, 2005.
BRAMMER, N, BEECH, J. Use and abuse of tourism: the Goan experience. Tourism Culture and Communication, 5, 23-35, 2004.
BRAYLEY, R., VAR, T.; SHELDON, P. Perceived influence of tourism on social issues. Annals of Tourism Research, 17 (2), 284-289, 1990.
BROUGHAM, J., AND BUTLER, R. A Segmentation Analysis of Resident Attitudes to Social Impacts of Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 7 (4), 569-90, 1981.
BUTLER, R. W. The concept of a tourism area cycle of evolution: Implications for the management of resources. Canadian Geographer,24, 5–121, 1980.
CANEDAY L, ZEIGER J. The social, economic, and environmental costs of tourism to a gambling community as perceived by its residents. Journal of Travel Research 20(2): 45–49, 1991.
CARMICHAEL, B. A Matrix for Resident Attitudes and Behaviours in a Rapidly Changing Tourist Area. Tourism Management, 21(6), 601-611, 2000.
CARMICHAEL, B. Casinos, Communities and Sustainable Economic Development. In Tourism Recreation and Sustainability, edited by S.F. McCool and R.N. Moisey. Wallingford: CABI, 217-231, 2001.
CARMICHAEL, B.A.; PEPPARD,D.M.; BOUDREAU, F.A. Mega resort on my doorstep: local resident attitudes toward Foxwoods casino and casino gambling on nearby Indian reservation land. Journal of Travel Research 3(3): 9–16, 1996
CAVUS, S; TANRISEVDI, A. Residents' Attitudes Toward Tourism Development: A Case Study in Kusadasi, Turkey. Tourism Analysis, 7, 259-269, 2003.
CHHABRA D; GURSOY D. Perceived Impacts of Gambling: Integration of Two Theories. UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal, 11/1. 27-40, 2007.
CHHABRA, D. Exploring Casino Impact Perceptions of a Unique Population. UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal, 13/1. 45-54, 2009.
CHHABRA, D; ANDERECK, K. Proposing Perceptions-based Unique Marketing Strategies for Gamblers. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing.26( 4), 364- 382, 2009.
CHOI, H-S.; SIRAKAYA, E. Measuring residents' attitude toward sustainable tourism: development of sustainable tourism attitude scale. Journal of Travel Research, 43(4), 380-394, 2005.
DAVIS D; ALLEN J; COSENZA R.M. Segmenting Local Residents by their Attitudes, Interests, and Opinions Toward Tourism. Journal of Travel Research. 27(2), 2-8, 1988.
DIEDRICH, A.; GARCIA-BUADES, E. Local perceptions of tourism as indicators of destination Decline. Tourism Management, 30(4), 512-521, 2009.
DOGAN H.Z. Forms of adjustment: sociocultural impacts of tourism. Annals of Tourism Research 16(2): 8– 13, 1989.
DOXEY G.V. A causation theory of visitor resident irritants, methodology, and research inferences. In: Sixth Annual Conference Proceedings of the Travel Research Association. Travel andTourism Research Association: San Diego, CA; 195–198, 1975.
EADINGTON, WR. Impact of casino gambling on the community: comment on Pizam and Pokela. Annals of Tourism Research 13(3): 279–285, 1986.
FISHER, M. New Casino with Las Vegas Style, The Navhind Times, May 28th, 2013.
GIACOPASSI, D; STITT, B. G. Assessing the Impact of Casino Gambling on Crime in Mississippi. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 18(1), 117-131, 1994.
GN, Aam Admi Party Holds Anti Casino Dharna in City, Goa News, March 16th 2014
GUNN, C. A. Tourism Planning. 2nd ed. New York: Taylor and Francis, 1988.
GURSOY, D; JUROWSKI, C; UYSAL, M. Resident's Attitudes: A Structural Modeling Approach. Annals of Tourism Research, 29 (1), 79-105, 2002.
GURSOY, D; RUTHERFORD, D. Host Attitudes Toward Tourism: An Improved Structural Model. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(3), 495-516, 2004.
HAIR, J. F., Back, W. C., BABIN, B. J., ANDERSON, R. E., and TATHAM, R. L. Multivariate Data Analysis. Pearson Printice Hall. Upper Saddle River, 2006.
HALEY J; SNAITH T; MILLER G. The Social Impacts of Tourism: A Case Study of Bath, UK. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(3): 647-668, 2005.
HAM, S; BROWN, D; JANG, S. Proponents and Opponents of Casino Gambling: A Qualitative Choice Model Approach. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 28(4), 391-407, 2004.
HANAFIAH, M. H; JAMALUDHIN, M. R; ZULKIFY, M. I. Local Community Attitude and Support towards Tourism Development in Tioman Island, Malaysia. Procedia: Social and Behavioral Sciences.105. 792-800, 2013.
HARALAMBOPOULOUS, N.; PIZAM, A. Perceived impacts of tourism: The case of Samos. Annals of Tourism Research, 23(3), 503-526, 1996.
IBT (2013), Goa’s Casinos Contribute Rs 135 Crore Revenue To State Government”, India Business Times, April 13th 2013.
JAFARI, J. The Scientification of Tourism. In Hosts and Guests Revisited: Tourism Issues of the 21st Century. (V.L. Smith and M. Brent, eds) pp. 28–41, 2001. Cognizant
JUROWSKI, C. The interplay of elements affecting resident community resident attitudes toward tourism: a path analytic approach. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, VirginiaPolytechnic Institute and State University, 1994.
JUROWSKI, C., UYSAL, M.; WILLIAMS D. R. (), A theoretical analysis ofresident community resident reactions to tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 36(2),3-11,1997
JUROWSKI, C; GURSOY, D. Distance Effect on Residents’ Attitudes Towards Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(2), 296-312, 2004.
KANG, K; LEE, C; YOON, Y; LONG P. T. Resident Perception of the Impact of Limited-Stakes Community-based Casino Gaming in Mature Gaming Communities. Tourism Management. 29. 681-69, 2008.
LANKFORD, S. V. Attitudes and perceptions toward tourism and rural regional development. Journal of Travel Research, 31(3), 35-43. 1994
LANKFORD, S. V.; HOWARD, D. Developing a tourism impact scaleattitude. Annals of Tourism Research, 21, 121-139. 1994
LEE, C. K; BACK, K. J. Pre and Post Casino impact of Residents Perception. Annals of Tourism Research, 30(4), 868- 885, 2003.
LEE, C.K; BACK, K.J. Examining Structural Relationships among Perceived Impact, Benefit, and Support for Casino Development based on 4 Year Longitudinal Data. Tourism Management, 27(3), 466-480, 2006.
LONG, P. Early Impacts of Limited Stakes Casino Gambling on Rural Community Life. Tourism Management, 17(5), 341-353, 1996.
LONG, P.T.; PERDUE. R. R.; ALLEN, L.Rural resident tourism perceptions and attitudes by Community level of tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 28(3), 27-33, 1990.
MCCOOL, S; MARTIN, S. Community Attachment and Attitudes toward Tourism Development. Journal of Travel Research, 32(3), 29- 34, 1994.
MCGHEE, N; ANDERECK, K. Factors Predicting Rural Residents' Support for Tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 43(2), 131-140, 2004.
MOWFORTH, M.; MUNT, I, Tourism and Sustain-ability. Development and New Tourism in the Third World, 2nd edition (Routledge, London and New York) 2003. MUNROE, T. As Asia Embraces Casinos, India Hedges its Bets, Reuters, June 24th 2013.
NAGVENKAR, M., Is Goa’s Casino Industry Fuelling Gambling Addiction, BBC News, Goa, India, December 6th 2013.
OHERALDO. Parrikar Rolls Dice Against Locals, Team Herald, OHeraldo, March 26th, 2011.
PERDUE, R. R; LONG. P. T; ALLEN, L. Rural resident tourism perceptions and attitudes. Annals of Tourism Research, 14, 420-429, 1987.
PERDUE, R.R.; LONG, P.T., KANG, Y.S. Resident support for gambling as a tourism development strategy. Journal of Travel Research 34(2): 3–11. 1999.
PEREIRA, A. Proposed Ban on Entry of Goans Will Hit Onshore Casinos Most: Casino Officials, Times News Network, January 11th 2014.
PETRZELKA, P., KRANNICH, R. S., BREHM, J.; TRENTELMAN, C. K. Rural tourism and gendered nuances. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(4), 1121–1137, 2005.
PIZAM A, POKELA J. The perceived impacts of casino gambling on the community. Annals of Tourism Research 12(2): 147–165, 1985.
PRABHUDESAI, S. The Great Gamblers!, goanews.com., 25th April, 2010.
REBELLO, J. No Kidding: Goa Casinos come with Creches, Times News Network, January 4th 2014.
ROEHL, W. S. Quality of Life issues in a Casino Destination. Journal of Business Research, 44(3), 223-229, 1999.
SATYA, J. Report Claims New Casino Bill Will Affect 90% Players, Delta Corp Refutes Claims of Residentile Restrictions, Times of India, October 8th 2012.
SHARMA B; DYER P. A Longitudinal Study of the Residents Perceptions of Tourism Impacts using data from the Sunshine Coast Australia. PASOS. Revists de Tourismo y Patromonio Cultural. 10(2). 37-46, 2012.
SHARMA, B; DYER P. An Investigation of Differences in Resident’s Perceptions on the Sinshine Coast: Tourism Impacts and Demographic Variables. Tourism Geographies. 11/2. 187-213, 2009.
SHELDON, P. J.; ABENOJA, T. Resident attitudes in a mature destination: the case of Waikiki. Tourism Management,22(5),435-443, 2001.
SHELDON, P. J.; VAR, T. Resident attitudes to tourism in North Wales. Tourism Management, 5, 40-47, 1984.
SMITH M.D.; KRANNICH, R.S. Tourism dependence and resident attitudes. Annals of Tourism Research 25(4), 783–801, 1998.
STITT, B. G; NICHOLS M; GIACOPASSI D. Does the Presence of Casinos increase Crime ? An Examination of Casino Control Communities. Crime & Delinquency 49(2), 253-284, 2003.
TH. Aam Admi Party Protests Goa’s Casino Tourism, The Hindu, March 16th 2014.
TNN. Casinos Making Goa All about Sin and Sex, Times News Network, March 7th 2014.
TNN. NGO’s to Demand Scrapping of All Casinos, Times News Network, April 30th 2012.
TNT. Casinos in Goa Attract a Large Number of Tourists, The Navhind Times, November 5th 2013.
TNT. Ngo’s Protest against Casinos in Goa, The Navhind Times, October 2nd 2008.
TNT. No More Offshore Casinos In Goa: Parrikar, The Navhind Times, August 14th 2013.
TOMLJENOVIĆ, I. I.; NINKOVIĆ, M. M., BEK-UZAROV, D., STANKOVIĆ, S. J.; KOVACEVIĆ, M. Water phantom backscatter factors for x-rays in the 60 kV to 300 kV region. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 44, 2193–2200, 1999.
TOMLJENOVIC, R; FAULKNER, B. Tourism and older residents in a Sunbelt resort. Annals of Tourism Research, 27 (1), 93‑114, 1999.
TOMLJENOVIC, R; FAULKNER, B. Tourism and Older Residents in a Sunbelt Resort.” Annals of Tourism Research, 27(1): 93-114, 2000b.
TOMLJENOVIC, R; FAULKNER, B. Tourism and World Peace: A Conundrum for the Twenty-first Century. In B. Faulkner, G. Moscardo, & E. Laws (Eds.), Tourism in the Twenty-first Century. London: Continuum. 2000a.
TRAVIS, A. S. Managing the environmental and cultural impacts of tourism and leisure development. International Journal of Tourism Management, 3(3), 256-262, 1982.
VONG F, McCARTNEY, G. Mapping resident perceptions of gaming impact. Journal of Travel Research 44(2), 177–187, 2005.
VONG F. Gambling attitudes and gambling behavior of residents in Macao: The Monte Carlo of the Orient. Journal of Travel Research 42 (3), 271–278, 2004.
VONG, F. Changes in residents’ gambling attitudes and perceived impacts at the fifth anniversary of Macao’s gaming deregulation. Journal of Travel Research 47 (3), 388–397, 2009.
VONG, F. Influence of Personal Factors on Macau Residents Gaming Impact Perceptions. UNLV Gaming Research & ReviewJournal, 12(1), 15-28, 2008.
VONG, F. Perception of Macao Teachers and Students Regarding Gaming Operators Social Responsibility. UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal, 14/1, 1-13, 2010.
VONG, T.N. Leisure satisfaction and quality of life in Macao, China. Leisure Studies 24 (2), 195–207, 2005.
WANG, Y. A; PFISTER, R. Resident’s Attitudes toward Tourism and Perceived Personal Benefits in a Rural Community. Journal of Travel Research, 47 (1), 84-93, 2008.
WILSON, D. Paradoxes of Tourism in Goa. Annals of Tourism Research, 24 (1), pp.52-75, 1997.
ZUBAIR, A. From Hippy Hang-out to Casino Capital. BBC News, Goa. Wednesday, 7th March 2007. Retrieved from <http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/2/hi/south_asia/6405881.stm>
ALFONSO, Vargas.Explaining residents attitudes to tourism: Is a universal model possible? Annals of Tourism Research, 38(2), 460–480, 2011.
AP J.; CROMPTON J. L. Residents’ strategies in responding to tourism impacts. Journal of Travel Research 17(4): 610–616, 1993.
AP, J. Residents’ perceptions on tourism impacts, Annals of Tourism Research. 19(4), 665-690, 1992.
AP, J. Residents’ Perceptions Research on the Social Impacts of Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 17(4), 610- 616, 1990.
BACK, K; LEE, C. Residents Perceptions of Casino Development in Korea: The Kangwon land Casino Case. UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal. 9/2. 45-53, 2005.
BRAMMER, N, BEECH, J. Use and abuse of tourism: the Goan experience. Tourism Culture and Communication, 5, 23-35, 2004.
BRAYLEY, R., VAR, T.; SHELDON, P. Perceived influence of tourism on social issues. Annals of Tourism Research, 17 (2), 284-289, 1990.
BROUGHAM, J., AND BUTLER, R. A Segmentation Analysis of Resident Attitudes to Social Impacts of Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 7 (4), 569-90, 1981.
BUTLER, R. W. The concept of a tourism area cycle of evolution: Implications for the management of resources. Canadian Geographer,24, 5–121, 1980.
CANEDAY L, ZEIGER J. The social, economic, and environmental costs of tourism to a gambling community as perceived by its residents. Journal of Travel Research 20(2): 45–49, 1991.
CARMICHAEL, B. A Matrix for Resident Attitudes and Behaviours in a Rapidly Changing Tourist Area. Tourism Management, 21(6), 601-611, 2000.
CARMICHAEL, B. Casinos, Communities and Sustainable Economic Development. In Tourism Recreation and Sustainability, edited by S.F. McCool and R.N. Moisey. Wallingford: CABI, 217-231, 2001.
CARMICHAEL, B.A.; PEPPARD,D.M.; BOUDREAU, F.A. Mega resort on my doorstep: local resident attitudes toward Foxwoods casino and casino gambling on nearby Indian reservation land. Journal of Travel Research 3(3): 9–16, 1996
CAVUS, S; TANRISEVDI, A. Residents' Attitudes Toward Tourism Development: A Case Study in Kusadasi, Turkey. Tourism Analysis, 7, 259-269, 2003.
CHHABRA D; GURSOY D. Perceived Impacts of Gambling: Integration of Two Theories. UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal, 11/1. 27-40, 2007.
CHHABRA, D. Exploring Casino Impact Perceptions of a Unique Population. UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal, 13/1. 45-54, 2009.
CHHABRA, D; ANDERECK, K. Proposing Perceptions-based Unique Marketing Strategies for Gamblers. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing.26( 4), 364- 382, 2009.
CHOI, H-S.; SIRAKAYA, E. Measuring residents' attitude toward sustainable tourism: development of sustainable tourism attitude scale. Journal of Travel Research, 43(4), 380-394, 2005.
DAVIS D; ALLEN J; COSENZA R.M. Segmenting Local Residents by their Attitudes, Interests, and Opinions Toward Tourism. Journal of Travel Research. 27(2), 2-8, 1988.
DIEDRICH, A.; GARCIA-BUADES, E. Local perceptions of tourism as indicators of destination Decline. Tourism Management, 30(4), 512-521, 2009.
DOGAN H.Z. Forms of adjustment: sociocultural impacts of tourism. Annals of Tourism Research 16(2): 8– 13, 1989.
DOXEY G.V. A causation theory of visitor resident irritants, methodology, and research inferences. In: Sixth Annual Conference Proceedings of the Travel Research Association. Travel andTourism Research Association: San Diego, CA; 195–198, 1975.
EADINGTON, WR. Impact of casino gambling on the community: comment on Pizam and Pokela. Annals of Tourism Research 13(3): 279–285, 1986.
FISHER, M. New Casino with Las Vegas Style, The Navhind Times, May 28th, 2013.
GIACOPASSI, D; STITT, B. G. Assessing the Impact of Casino Gambling on Crime in Mississippi. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 18(1), 117-131, 1994.
GN, Aam Admi Party Holds Anti Casino Dharna in City, Goa News, March 16th 2014
GUNN, C. A. Tourism Planning. 2nd ed. New York: Taylor and Francis, 1988.
GURSOY, D; JUROWSKI, C; UYSAL, M. Resident's Attitudes: A Structural Modeling Approach. Annals of Tourism Research, 29 (1), 79-105, 2002.
GURSOY, D; RUTHERFORD, D. Host Attitudes Toward Tourism: An Improved Structural Model. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(3), 495-516, 2004.
HAIR, J. F., Back, W. C., BABIN, B. J., ANDERSON, R. E., and TATHAM, R. L. Multivariate Data Analysis. Pearson Printice Hall. Upper Saddle River, 2006.
HALEY J; SNAITH T; MILLER G. The Social Impacts of Tourism: A Case Study of Bath, UK. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(3): 647-668, 2005.
HAM, S; BROWN, D; JANG, S. Proponents and Opponents of Casino Gambling: A Qualitative Choice Model Approach. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 28(4), 391-407, 2004.
HANAFIAH, M. H; JAMALUDHIN, M. R; ZULKIFY, M. I. Local Community Attitude and Support towards Tourism Development in Tioman Island, Malaysia. Procedia: Social and Behavioral Sciences.105. 792-800, 2013.
HARALAMBOPOULOUS, N.; PIZAM, A. Perceived impacts of tourism: The case of Samos. Annals of Tourism Research, 23(3), 503-526, 1996.
IBT (2013), Goa’s Casinos Contribute Rs 135 Crore Revenue To State Government”, India Business Times, April 13th 2013.
JAFARI, J. The Scientification of Tourism. In Hosts and Guests Revisited: Tourism Issues of the 21st Century. (V.L. Smith and M. Brent, eds) pp. 28–41, 2001. Cognizant
JUROWSKI, C. The interplay of elements affecting resident community resident attitudes toward tourism: a path analytic approach. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, VirginiaPolytechnic Institute and State University, 1994.
JUROWSKI, C., UYSAL, M.; WILLIAMS D. R. (), A theoretical analysis ofresident community resident reactions to tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 36(2),3-11,1997
JUROWSKI, C; GURSOY, D. Distance Effect on Residents’ Attitudes Towards Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(2), 296-312, 2004.
KANG, K; LEE, C; YOON, Y; LONG P. T. Resident Perception of the Impact of Limited-Stakes Community-based Casino Gaming in Mature Gaming Communities. Tourism Management. 29. 681-69, 2008.
LANKFORD, S. V. Attitudes and perceptions toward tourism and rural regional development. Journal of Travel Research, 31(3), 35-43. 1994
LANKFORD, S. V.; HOWARD, D. Developing a tourism impact scaleattitude. Annals of Tourism Research, 21, 121-139. 1994
LEE, C. K; BACK, K. J. Pre and Post Casino impact of Residents Perception. Annals of Tourism Research, 30(4), 868- 885, 2003.
LEE, C.K; BACK, K.J. Examining Structural Relationships among Perceived Impact, Benefit, and Support for Casino Development based on 4 Year Longitudinal Data. Tourism Management, 27(3), 466-480, 2006.
LONG, P. Early Impacts of Limited Stakes Casino Gambling on Rural Community Life. Tourism Management, 17(5), 341-353, 1996.
LONG, P.T.; PERDUE. R. R.; ALLEN, L.Rural resident tourism perceptions and attitudes by Community level of tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 28(3), 27-33, 1990.
MCCOOL, S; MARTIN, S. Community Attachment and Attitudes toward Tourism Development. Journal of Travel Research, 32(3), 29- 34, 1994.
MCGHEE, N; ANDERECK, K. Factors Predicting Rural Residents' Support for Tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 43(2), 131-140, 2004.
MOWFORTH, M.; MUNT, I, Tourism and Sustain-ability. Development and New Tourism in the Third World, 2nd edition (Routledge, London and New York) 2003. MUNROE, T. As Asia Embraces Casinos, India Hedges its Bets, Reuters, June 24th 2013.
NAGVENKAR, M., Is Goa’s Casino Industry Fuelling Gambling Addiction, BBC News, Goa, India, December 6th 2013.
OHERALDO. Parrikar Rolls Dice Against Locals, Team Herald, OHeraldo, March 26th, 2011.
PERDUE, R. R; LONG. P. T; ALLEN, L. Rural resident tourism perceptions and attitudes. Annals of Tourism Research, 14, 420-429, 1987.
PERDUE, R.R.; LONG, P.T., KANG, Y.S. Resident support for gambling as a tourism development strategy. Journal of Travel Research 34(2): 3–11. 1999.
PEREIRA, A. Proposed Ban on Entry of Goans Will Hit Onshore Casinos Most: Casino Officials, Times News Network, January 11th 2014.
PETRZELKA, P., KRANNICH, R. S., BREHM, J.; TRENTELMAN, C. K. Rural tourism and gendered nuances. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(4), 1121–1137, 2005.
PIZAM A, POKELA J. The perceived impacts of casino gambling on the community. Annals of Tourism Research 12(2): 147–165, 1985.
PRABHUDESAI, S. The Great Gamblers!, goanews.com., 25th April, 2010.
REBELLO, J. No Kidding: Goa Casinos come with Creches, Times News Network, January 4th 2014.
ROEHL, W. S. Quality of Life issues in a Casino Destination. Journal of Business Research, 44(3), 223-229, 1999.
SATYA, J. Report Claims New Casino Bill Will Affect 90% Players, Delta Corp Refutes Claims of Residentile Restrictions, Times of India, October 8th 2012.
SHARMA B; DYER P. A Longitudinal Study of the Residents Perceptions of Tourism Impacts using data from the Sunshine Coast Australia. PASOS. Revists de Tourismo y Patromonio Cultural. 10(2). 37-46, 2012.
SHARMA, B; DYER P. An Investigation of Differences in Resident’s Perceptions on the Sinshine Coast: Tourism Impacts and Demographic Variables. Tourism Geographies. 11/2. 187-213, 2009.
SHELDON, P. J.; ABENOJA, T. Resident attitudes in a mature destination: the case of Waikiki. Tourism Management,22(5),435-443, 2001.
SHELDON, P. J.; VAR, T. Resident attitudes to tourism in North Wales. Tourism Management, 5, 40-47, 1984.
SMITH M.D.; KRANNICH, R.S. Tourism dependence and resident attitudes. Annals of Tourism Research 25(4), 783–801, 1998.
STITT, B. G; NICHOLS M; GIACOPASSI D. Does the Presence of Casinos increase Crime ? An Examination of Casino Control Communities. Crime & Delinquency 49(2), 253-284, 2003.
TH. Aam Admi Party Protests Goa’s Casino Tourism, The Hindu, March 16th 2014.
TNN. Casinos Making Goa All about Sin and Sex, Times News Network, March 7th 2014.
TNN. NGO’s to Demand Scrapping of All Casinos, Times News Network, April 30th 2012.
TNT. Casinos in Goa Attract a Large Number of Tourists, The Navhind Times, November 5th 2013.
TNT. Ngo’s Protest against Casinos in Goa, The Navhind Times, October 2nd 2008.
TNT. No More Offshore Casinos In Goa: Parrikar, The Navhind Times, August 14th 2013.
TOMLJENOVIĆ, I. I.; NINKOVIĆ, M. M., BEK-UZAROV, D., STANKOVIĆ, S. J.; KOVACEVIĆ, M. Water phantom backscatter factors for x-rays in the 60 kV to 300 kV region. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 44, 2193–2200, 1999.
TOMLJENOVIC, R; FAULKNER, B. Tourism and older residents in a Sunbelt resort. Annals of Tourism Research, 27 (1), 93‑114, 1999.
TOMLJENOVIC, R; FAULKNER, B. Tourism and Older Residents in a Sunbelt Resort.” Annals of Tourism Research, 27(1): 93-114, 2000b.
TOMLJENOVIC, R; FAULKNER, B. Tourism and World Peace: A Conundrum for the Twenty-first Century. In B. Faulkner, G. Moscardo, & E. Laws (Eds.), Tourism in the Twenty-first Century. London: Continuum. 2000a.
TRAVIS, A. S. Managing the environmental and cultural impacts of tourism and leisure development. International Journal of Tourism Management, 3(3), 256-262, 1982.
VONG F, McCARTNEY, G. Mapping resident perceptions of gaming impact. Journal of Travel Research 44(2), 177–187, 2005.
VONG F. Gambling attitudes and gambling behavior of residents in Macao: The Monte Carlo of the Orient. Journal of Travel Research 42 (3), 271–278, 2004.
VONG, F. Changes in residents’ gambling attitudes and perceived impacts at the fifth anniversary of Macao’s gaming deregulation. Journal of Travel Research 47 (3), 388–397, 2009.
VONG, F. Influence of Personal Factors on Macau Residents Gaming Impact Perceptions. UNLV Gaming Research & ReviewJournal, 12(1), 15-28, 2008.
VONG, F. Perception of Macao Teachers and Students Regarding Gaming Operators Social Responsibility. UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal, 14/1, 1-13, 2010.
VONG, T.N. Leisure satisfaction and quality of life in Macao, China. Leisure Studies 24 (2), 195–207, 2005.
WANG, Y. A; PFISTER, R. Resident’s Attitudes toward Tourism and Perceived Personal Benefits in a Rural Community. Journal of Travel Research, 47 (1), 84-93, 2008.
WILSON, D. Paradoxes of Tourism in Goa. Annals of Tourism Research, 24 (1), pp.52-75, 1997.
ZUBAIR, A. From Hippy Hang-out to Casino Capital. BBC News, Goa. Wednesday, 7th March 2007. Retrieved from <http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/2/hi/south_asia/6405881.stm>
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2016-09-26
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Kamat, K., Scaglione, M., Kizhakanveatil Bhaskaran Pillai, S., & Feng Chen, R. (2016). The Socio, Economic, and Environmental Impacts of Casino Tourism in Goa. Revista Latino-Americana De Turismologia, 2(1), 44–54. Recuperado de https://periodicos.ufjf.br/index.php/rlaturismologia/article/view/10011
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Salvo quando expressamente indicado em contrário, todo o conteúdo desta revista (RELAT) está licenciado por Creative Commons, Atribuição Não Comercial / Sem Derivações / 4.0 / Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
Portanto, os autores concordam que as obras publicadas nesta revista estão sujeitas aos seguintes termos:
1. A Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, por meio do seu Centro Latino Americano de Turismologia (CELAT), aqui denominado como o editorial, conserva os direitos patrimoniais (direitos autorais) das obras publicadas.
© Centro Latino Americano de Turismologia (CELAT), Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2020.
2. Pode-se copiar, usar, difundir, transmitir e expor publicamente, desde que: i) seja citada a autoria e a fonte original de sua publicação (revista, editorial e URL da obra); ii) não seja utilizada para fins comerciais; iii) seja mencionada a existência e as especificações desta licença de uso.
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