Internações por encefalite viral em crianças e adolescentes na região Sudeste do Brasil entre 2014 e 2024
Keywords:
Adolescente, Brasil, Criança, Encefalite viral, Epidemiologia descritiva, HospitalizaçãoAbstract
Introduction: Although rare, viral encephalitis represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality among children and adolescents. In the Brazilian context, the scarcity of regional studies restricts knowledge about its epidemiological distribution. Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of hospitalizations due to viral encephalitis in children and adolescents in the Southeast region of Brazil between 2014 and 2024. Methods: Descriptive ecological study using secondary data from the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System (DATASUS), accessed through the TABNET data tabulation tool. Hospitalizations for viral encephalitis (ICD-10: A86) in individuals aged 0 to 19 years in the Southeast region were analyzed for the period 2014–2024 using descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 3,009 hospitalizations were identified. The highest annual prevalence occurred in 2017 (10.80%) and the lowest in 2020 (6.65%). The state of São Paulo accounted for the highest number of cases (42.80%). There was a slight predominance in males (57.63%) and in the 1 to 4-year age group (34.69%). Regarding race/skin color, most hospitalized patients were mixed-race (41.7%) and white (32.67%). No clear seasonal pattern was observed. The mortality rate was 1.96%, being higher among children aged 5 to 9 years (42.37%) and adolescents aged 15 to 19 years (25.42%), with a predominance in males (66.10%). Conclusion: The study revealed an important epidemiological profile of hospitalizations due to viral encephalitis in children and adolescents in the Southeast region, with higher prevalence in mixed-race children aged 1 to 4 years, living in São Paulo, and a slight male predominance. The absence of seasonality and the mortality rate, although low, highlight the need for continuous surveillance, improved clinical management, and prioritization of health actions and etiological investigations.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Carolina Khouri Panzarin, Patricia Vanzing da Silva, Matheus Oliveira Silva, Maria Victoria Spido, Samile Cristina Leite da Silva, Isaac Ferreira dos Reis Machado
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