Superficial microhardness evaluation of tooth enamel after use of remineralization agents
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34019/1982-8047.2021.v47.31214Keywords:
Tooth Erosion, Toothpastes, Tooth RemineralizationAbstract
Introduction: Dental erosion is the progressive loss of tooth surface by chemical processes without bacterial involvement. Objective: To evaluate the enamel remineralization after treatment with different remineralizing agents using surface microhardness assessment. Material and Methods: 25 enamel blocks were made from human incisors. The specimens were randomly divided into five groups (n=5), according to the remineralizing treatment used. In group 1 (G1), the positive control, non-demineralized specimens were kept in deionized water. In group 2 (G2), the negative control, after demineralization with 37% phosphoric acid, the specimens were kept in deionized water. In groups 3 to 5, after demineralization with 37% phosphoric acid, were applied, respectively, 2% sodium fluoride gel (G3), toothpaste based on calcium silicate and sodium phosphate (G4) and toothpaste based on sodium fluoride and 5% potassium nitrate (G5). All specimens were subjected to Knoop microhardness test. Data was tabulated and submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test (significance of 5%). Results: Groups G2 (150.39±26.32), G3 (184.66±9.05) and G5 (279.26±20.77) has shown significant differences when compared to the positive control group G1 (331.93±13,82) (p<0.01). Regarding the negative control group G2 (150.39±26.32), significant differences were found when compared to groups G1 (331.93 ± 13.82), G4 (365.99±18.97) and G5 (279,26±20.77) (p<0.01). Conclusion: It was concluded that toothpaste based on calcium silicate and sodium phosphate showed better remineralization of tooth enamel.
Downloads
References
Kanzow P, Wegehaupt FJ, Attin T, Wiegand A. Etiology and pathogenesis of dental erosion. Quintessence Int. 2016; 47(4):275-8.
Poggio C, Gulino C, Mirando M, Colombo M, Pietrocola G. Preventive effects of different protective agents on dentin erosion: an in vitro investigation. J Clin Exp Dent. 2017; 9(1):e7-e12.
Vasconcelos MFC, Fonseca-Gonçalves A, de França AKA, de Medeiros UV, Maia LC, Queiroz CS. An in vitro evaluation of human enamel surfaces subjected to erosive challenge after bleaching. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2017; 29(2):128-36.
Hermont AP, Oliveira PA, Martins CC, Paiva SM, Pordeus IA, Auad SM. Tooth erosion and eating disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLos ONE. 2014; 9(11):e111123.
Wood NJ, Jones SB, Chapman N, Joiner A, Philpotts CJ, West NX. An interproximal model to determine the erosion-protective effect of calcium silicate, sodium phosphate, fluoride formulations. Dent. mater. 2018; 34(2):355-362.
Zimmer S, Kirchner G, Bizhang M, Benedix M. Influence of various acidic beverages on tooth erosion. evaluation by a new method. PLos ONE. 2015; 10(6):e0129462.
Ranjitkar S, Kaidonis JA, Smales RJ. Gastroesophageal reflux disease and tooth erosion. Int J Dent. 2012; 2012:479850.
Hornby K, Ricketts SR, Philpotts CJ, Joiner A, Schemehorn B, Willson R. Enhanced enamel benefits from a novel toothpaste and dual phase gel containing calcium silicate and sodium phosphate salts. J Dent. 2014; 42(Suppl 1):S39-45.
Jones SB, Davies M, Chapman N, Willson R, Hornby K, Joiner A et al. Introduction of an interproximal mineralisation model to measure remineralisation caused by novel formulations containing calcium silicate, sodium phosphate salts and fluoride. J Dent. 2014; 42(Suppl 1):S46-52.
Wetselaar P, Lobbezoo F. The tooth wear evaluation system: a modular clinical guideline for the diagnosis and management planning of worn dentitions. J Oral Rehabil. 2016; 43(1):69-80.
Amaral CM, Miranda ME, Correa DS, Silva EM. Sodium fluoride and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate cream plus sodium fluoride efficacy in preventing enamel erosion in a simulated oral environment study model. Indian J Dent Res. 2014; 25(4):464-9.
Chaudhary I, Tripathi AM, Yadav G, Saha S. Effect of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate and calcium sodium phosphosilicate on artificial carious lesions: an in vitro study. Int J Clin pediatr Dent. 2017; 10(3):261-6.
Somasundaram P, Vimala N, Mandke LG. Protective potential of casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate containing paste on enamel surfaces. J Conserv Dent. 2013; 16(2):152-6.
Thakkar PJ, Badakar CM, Hugar SM, Hallikerimath S, Patel PM, Shah P. An in vitro comparison of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate paste, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate paste with fluoride and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate varnish on the inhibition of demineralization and promotion of remineralization of enamel. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2017; 35(4):312-8.
Colombo M, Mirando M, Rattalino D, Beltrami R, Chiesa M, Poggio C. Remineralizing effect of a zinc-hydroxyapatite toothpaste on enamel erosion caused by soft drinks: ultrastructural analysis. J Clin Exp Dent. 2017; 9(7):e861-e868.
Comar LP, Gomes MF, Ito N, Salomão PA, Grizzo LT, Magalhães AC. Effect of NaF, SnF(2), and TiF(4) toothpastes on bovine enamel and dentin erosion-abrasion in vitro. Int J Dent. 2012; 2012:134350.
Diamanti I, Koletsi-Kounari H, Mamai-Homata E. Effect of toothpastes containing different NaF concentrations or a SnF2/NaF combination on root dentine erosive lesions, in vitro. J Clin Exp Dent. 2016; 8(5):e577-e583.
Ebadifar A, Nomani M, Fatemi SA. Effect of nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste on microhardness ofartificial carious lesions created on extracted teeth. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects. 2017; 11(1):14-7.
Singhal RK, Rai B. Remineralization potential of three tooth pastes on enamel caries. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2017; 5(5):664-6.
Krishnan V, Bhatia A, Varma H. Development, characterization and comparison of two strontium doped nano hydroxyapatite molecules for enamel repair/regeneration. Dent Mater. 2016; 32(5):646-59.
Lelli M, Putignano A, Marchetti M, Foltran I, Mangani F, Procaccini M et al. Remineralization and repair of enamel surface by biomimetic Zn-carbonate hydroxyapatite containing toothpaste: a comparative in vivo study. Front Physiol. 2014; 5:333.
Joiner A, Schäfer F, Naeeni MM, Gupta AK, Zero DT. Remineralisation effect of a dual-phase calcium silicate/phosphate gel combined with calcium silicate/phosphate toothpaste on acid-challenged enamel in situ. J Dent. 2014; 42(Suppl 1):S53-9.
Mony S, Rao A, Shenoy R, Suprabha BS. Comparative evaluation of the remineralizing efficacy of calcium sodium phosphosilicate agent and fluoride based on quantitative and qualitative analysis. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2015; 33(4):291-5.
Sun Y, Li X, Deng Y, Sun JN, Tao D, Chen H et al. Mode of action studies on the formation of enamel minerals from a novel toothpaste containing calcium silicate and sodium phosphate salts. J Dent. 2014; 42(Suppl 1):S30-8.
Vanichvatana S, Auychai P. Efficacy of two calcium phosphate pastes on the remineralization of artificial caries: a randomized controlled double-blind in situ study. Int J Oral Sci. 2013; 5(4):224-8.
Alencar CM, Pedrinha VF, Araújo JLN, Esteves RA, Silveira ADS, Silva CM. Effect of 10% strontium chloride and 5% potassium nitrate with fluoride on bleached bovine enamel. Opean Dent J. 2017; 11:476-84.
Sivapriya E, Sridevi K, Periasamy R, Lakshminarayanan L, Pradeepkumar AR. Remineralization ability of sodium fluoride on the microhardness of enamel, dentin, and dentinoenamel junction: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent. 2017; 20(2):100-4.
Ionta FQ, Dos Santos NM, Mesquita IM, Dionísio EJ, Cruvinel T, Honório HM, Rios D. Is the dentifrice containing calcium silicate, sodium phosphate, and fluoride able to protect enamel against chemical mechanical wear? An in situ/ex vivo study. Clin Oral Investig. 2019; 23(10):3713-20.
Almeida LF, Marín LM, Martínez-Mier EA, Cury JA. Fluoride dentifrice overcomes the lower resistance of fluorotic enamel to demineralization. Caries Res. 2019; 53(5):567-75.
Wu L, Geng K, Gao Q. Early caries preventive effects of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) compared with conventional fluorides: a meta-analysis. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2019; 17(6):495-503.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Julia Guedes Gonçalves, Warley Junio Porto Pereira de Arruda, Julia Pereira Americano, Luana Pereira de Mendonça, Everton Cocati Andrade , Paulo Victor Teixeira Doriguêtto, Milene de Oliveira
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Cessão de Primeira Publicação à HU Revista
Os autores mantém todos os direitos autorais sobre a publicação, sem restrições, e concedem à HU Revista o direito de primeira publicação, com o trabalho licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution que permite o compartilhamento irrestrito do trabalho, com reconhecimento da autoria e crédito pela citação de publicação inicial nesta revista, referenciando inclusive seu DOI.
