Prevalência da Síndrome de Burnout em profissionais da saúde no contexto da COVID-19: uma revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34019/1982-8047.2022.v48.37074Palavras-chave:
Burnout, Profissional de Saúde, COVID-19, Sars-CoV2Resumo
Introdução: A pandemia de Covid-19 trouxe desafios adicionais ao trabalho na saúde, impactando negativamente na saúde mental dos profissionais da saúde com destaque para a presença da síndrome de burnout (SB). Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência da SB nos profissionais da saúde no período da pandemia de Covid-19. Metodologia: O estudo utilizou como metodologia uma revisão sistemática da literatura realizada na base de dados PubMed e na SciELO entre dezembro de 2021 e janeiro de 2022. Resultados e Discussão: Foram encontrados 89 artigos que abordavam SB e Covid-19, 87 desses com desenho transversal. As amostras variaram de 25 a 12.596 pessoas, em sua maioria era composta de equipe multiprofissional. Houve predominância de pesquisa naqueles países onde a pandemia adquiriu sua maior proporção, como na China, Itália, Espanha e Estados Unidos. A escala Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) foi aplicada em 54% das pesquisas. A prevalência de SB variou de 12% a 86,1% na maioria dos estudos, chegando ao extremo de 100% em um dos trabalhos. Dentre os fatores associados a SB, destacam-se ser mulher, jovem, com pouco tempo de experiência de trabalho, estar na linha de frente de combate a COVID-19, longas horas de trabalho, superlotação hospitalar, falta de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPI), postura hostil da chefia, dentre outros. Conclusão: A pandemia de COVID-19 favoreceu o aumento da prevalência de SB em profissionais de saúde e estratégias específicas de cuidados a saúde mental dessa população devem ser realizadas urgentemente.
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