Desrealização e sublimação

Vattimo e Freud entre estética, religião e interpretação

Abstract

This article proposes a dialogue between Gianni Vattimo and Sigmund Freud on the relationship between aesthetics and religion within the horizon of secularization and postmodernity. Using a hermeneutic-philosophical methodology, supported by bibliographic research, it seeks to understand whether, amid post-metaphysical fragmentation, religious experience can be interpreted as an aesthetic experience, considering both the Freudian unconscious and Vattimo’s hermeneutics of weakening. In Freud, although religion is understood as a necessary illusion, his theory of sublimation reveals an aesthetic dimension that links religion and art as symbolic expressions of desire and of the tension between repression and realization. In this context, the work of art can offer pleasure, unease, or reconciliation, mediating affects and unconscious contents through the artist’s technique. In Vattimo, religion is conceived as a plural narrative, resulting from kenosis and the weakening of Being, situated within the logic of the derealization of reality, of art, and of the multiplicity of images that characterize today’s media-driven world. Thus, in both Freud and Vattimo, religion ceases to be a dogmatic system and becomes a symbolic, subjective, and interpretive space, where the sacred manifests itself as language, openness of meaning, and aesthetic experience.