La La teología apofática como dimensión de la profundización del judaísmo y la apertura al pluralismo religioso
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34019/2237-6151.2025.v22.48238Palabras clave:
Teología Apofática, Judaísmo, Pluralismo Religioso, Mística, Diálogo, InterreligiosoResumen
El artículo propone una reflexión sobre la teología apofática (o negativa) en el contexto judío, discutiendo su desarrollo histórico, desde sus raíces en el neoplatonismo y elaboraciones en el pensamiento de Filón de Alejandría y Maimónides, hasta sus manifestaciones en la modernidad. La teología apofática consiste en una forma de pensar acerca de Dios a través de la negación de cualquier atributo que le sea atribuible, es decir, en términos únicamente de lo que no se puede decir sobre su naturaleza inefable. Operando a través de una lógica de superación de la metafísica, la teología apofática apunta al conocimiento al que no se puede acceder a través del discurso racional, pero que se puede demostrar a través de su colapso. El trabajo sostiene que este enfoque teológico ofrece una comprensión más profunda de lo que constituye el significado central del judaísmo, al criticar la cosificación de Dios y valorar el compromiso ético del ser humano. Además, al evitar la absolutización de concepciones particulares de lo divino y favorecer la humildad epistemológica al reconocer los límites del intelecto y del lenguaje humano, la teología apofática se presenta como un camino importante de apertura y diálogo entre diferentes concepciones de la realidad en un contexto pluralista.
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