A morte da morte de Deus

do diagnóstico onto-teo-lógico de Heidegger à ontologia não dual do Advaita Vedānta de Śaṅkarācārya

Abstract

This article investigates the death of God and the emergence of post-theistic paradigms as situated diagnostics within the Western tradition. It begins by analyzing selected aphorisms of Friedrich Nietzsche concerning the collapse of God as the ultimate ground of truth and meaning. The discussion is then deepened through Martin Heidegger’s interpretation of the onto-theological constitution of metaphysics, in which the divine is reduced to the technical figure of causa sui. From this perspective, the paper develops a critical-comparative movement to examine the limits of the universalizing post-theism. Focusing on the Advaita Vedānta of Śaṅkarācārya, it argues that the Absolute (Brahman) is understood not as a supreme being within a metaphysical hierarchy, but as a non-dual ground of intelligibility (adhiṣṭhāna). Unlike the Western onto-theological framework, reason in Vedānta plays a primarily instrumental and apophatic role oriented toward liberation (mokṣa). The article concludes that the crisis of metaphysical theism, although decisive for the trajectory of modern European thought, cannot be treated as a universally binding horizon for all traditions. Post-theism should therefore be understood as a historically localized diagnostic rather than a universal condition.