Physiopathologic basis of immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis

Abstract

There are over twenty components identified in airborne allergens from house dust mites. The most common
etiological agents of allergic rhinitis found this way are: Dermatophagoides farinae, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus
and Blomia tropicalis.After the exposure to the allergen, whatever its etiology, occurs within minutes early stage
of the disease. Immunopathological events of this phase are mast cell degranulation and consequent liberation
of histamine and serotonin, and the formation of leukotrienes, prostaglandins and kinins. The immunotherapy
treatment in allergic rhinitis is an effective and important therapeutic strategy able to modulate several aspects of the
disease through immunological mechanisms that involve both cellular and humoral immune response.