Fuerza muscular, funcionalidad y calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson después del entrenamiento de fuerza: un ensayo clínico aleatorizado
Treinamento de fuerza em pacientes com doença Parkinson
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34019/1982-8047.2024.v50.42359Palabras clave:
Enfermedad de Parkinson, Ejercicio, Fuerza MuscularResumen
Introducción: El entrenamiento de fuerza (EF) o entrenamiento con pesas aumenta la fuerza muscular y reduce los síntomas motores en la Enfermedad de Parkinson (EP). Objetivo: Verificar los efectos de la EF sobre la fuerza muscular, el rendimiento funcional y la calidad de vida en pacientes con EP. Metodología: Se realizó un ensayo clínico aleatorizado con 15 pacientes con EP de 64,27 ± 7 años, divididos en: Grupo Control (GC), n=6 y Grupo de Entrenamiento de Fuerza (GEF), n=9. El CG no hizo ejercicio. El GEF realizó EF individualizada durante 8 semanas. Cada entrenamiento con 6 ejercicios, 2 series de 10 repeticiones con una carga del 60% al 80% de 10RM (repeticiones máximas) y un intervalo de descanso de 2 minutos. Las evaluaciones fueron: test de fuerza muscular de 10RM en press de banca y press de piernas; Rendimiento funcional en Time Up and Go (TUG) y calidad de vida mediante el Cuestionario de la enfermedad de Parkinson-39 (PDQ-39). En el análisis de los datos se utilizó Chi-cuadrado y t de Student, además de t pareada y de Wilcoxon con el Paquete Estadístico de Ciencias Sociales (SPSS, 23.0) y significancia de p < 0.05. Resultados: Los grupos eran similares antes de la intervención. Después de 8 semanas, hubo una diferencia significativa entre CG y GEF, respectivamente, en la fuerza muscular en press de banca: (25,83 ± 8,61 kg) (43,33 ± 15,6 kg), p=0,03; en prensa de piernas: (40,83 ± 25,58 kg) (97,22 ± 16,22 kg), p<0,001; en TUG: (12,70 ± 3,42 segundos) (6,94 ± 1,01 segundos), p<0,001 y en el puntaje QDP-39: (41,88 ± 16,70) (18,09 ± 6,78), p=0,02. Conclusión: La EF aumentó la fuerza muscular en los miembros superiores e inferiores, además de mejorar el rendimiento funcional y la calidad de vida de los pacientes con EP.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Tatiane Cristina Luz de Abreu, Juliana Alves Carneiro
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
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