Uso de probióticos em indivíduos HIV positivos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34019/1982-8047.2020.v46.28233Palabras clave:
HIV, Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida, ProbióticosResumen
Introdução: O vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) reduz progressivamente a eficácia do sistema imunológico e aumenta a suscetibilidade para infecções oportunistas. Além disso, aumenta a permeabilidade intestinal e translocação microbiana que contribuem para a ativação imune sistêmica, caracterizando a evolução para a síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (AIDS). A modulação imunológica da barreira gastrointestinal no HIV com o uso de probióticos apresenta efeitos benéficos no equilíbrio microbiano do hospedeiro. Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo levantar dados da literatura de estudos clínicos, referente ao uso de probióticos em pacientes infectados pelo HIV em uso ou não de terapia antirretroviral. Material e Métodos: Foi realizada revisão da literatura científica, por meio da PUBMED utilizando os seguintes descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS), de forma isolada ou em combinação: “human immunodeficiency vírus”, “HIV”, “probiotics”. Foram selecionados estudos de ensaios clínicos randomizados controlados que envolveram a abordagem do uso de probióticos em pacientes infectados com HIV. Foram selecionados 11 artigos que apresentavam conteúdos que contribuíam para o cumprimento dos objetivos deste trabalho, no idioma inglês, publicados no período de 2014 a 2018. Resultados: Além das diversas características dos pacientes selecionados nos estudos, diferentes probióticos foram testados. As interações com os receptores imunes e com a microbiota intestinal ainda não foram totalmente definidos, podendo apresentar diferentes efeitos na regulação intestinal e imunidade sistêmica. Conclusões: Entender a interação entre o microbioma intestinal e seus produtos no ajuste da imunidade no indivíduo HIV+ permitirá definir novas intervenções que possam diminuir a inflamação e comorbidades associadas a doença.
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