Cone-beam computed tomography as a method of evaluating pneumatization of the temporomandibular joint
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34019/1982-8047.2019.v45.27266Keywords:
Temporomandibular Region, Diagnosis, Cone Beam Computed TomographyAbstract
Introduction: Pneumatization, considered a physiological process, are air-filled cavities within the skull bones resulting from areas of epithelial cells. Objective: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of pneumatization of the glenoid fossa and articular eminence on cone beam computed tomography. Material and methods: Images of 195 patients (195 temporomandibular joints) were evaluated and the age and gender of the individuals were collected. In cases where pneumatization was detected, this was classified according to type (unilocular and multilocular) and laterality (unilateral or bilateral). Results: The pneumatization of the glenoid fossa and articular eminence were diagnosed in 63 (32.3 %) patients. Of these patients, 61 (31.3%) had pneumatization of glenoid fossa and 36 (18.5%) had pneumatization of articular eminence. Regarding laterality, in PGF 36 (59%) presented the condition unilaterally and 25 (41%) bilaterally. The patients with PAE, 24 (66.7%) presented the condition unilaterally and 12 (33.3%) bilaterally. Pneumatization was correlated between the sides using the Spearman correlation coefficient and was significant for multilocular cases (glenoid fossa: rs= 0,52/p<0,0001 and articular eminence: rs=0,50 p<0,0001). Conclusion: The pneumatization of temporomandibular region is a relatively common feature, and even though it does not require treatment, observation is crucial to avoid complications of treatment or wrong diagnosis in the region.
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