Zircônia: desafio do processo de tratamento de superfície
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34019/1982-8047.2020.v46.28976Palavras-chave:
Cerâmica, Materiais dentários, Pesquisa em odontologiaResumo
Introdução: As cerâmicas odontológicas têm sido utilizadas como materiais restauradores desde 1770 por apresentarem propriedades estéticas semelhantes aos dentes naturais. A busca por procedimentos que visem aumentar a adesão entre zircônia, uma cerâmica policristalina, e agente cimentante, é um desafio e tem estimulado o desenvolvimento de diversos estudos. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é discutir os diferentes tipos de tratamentos de superfície preconizados para zircônia estabilizada com ítria (Y-TZP), bem como as vantagens e desvantagens descritas na literatura. Materiais e métodos: O presente estudo trata-se de uma revisão de literatura realizada de artigos científicos publicados entre 2003 e 2019, indexados nas bases de dados MEDLINE, PubMed e Scielo. Foram utilizados os seguintes termos de pesquisa: “tratamento de superfície da zircônia”, “tratamento de superfície Y-TZP”, “agente cimentante para zircônia”, “agente cimentante para Y-TZP”, “adesão à zircônia” e “adesão à Y-TZP”. Resultados: Foram encontrados 413 artigos que contemplavam pelo menos um dos critérios de inclusão registrados. No entanto, foram utilizados os dados de um total de 69 artigos que contemplavam todos os critérios de inclusão. Conclusão: Os protocolos de tratamento de superfície relatados ainda apresentam limitações quanto ao comportamento de longo prazo da resistência de união. No entanto, quando as características do preparo não são favoráveis à retenção, o jateamento com partículas de Al2O3 revestidas com sílica (30μm) deve ser utilizado, sendo menos agressivo à cerâmica que outros protocolos de jateamento descritos. Quanto ao agente cimentante, recomenda-se sempre o uso de cimentos resinosos que apresentem MDP em sua composição, uma vez que proporcionam ligações químicas estáveis e comportamento adesivo duradouro.
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