Condemned bodies

experiences of homophobic hatred and violence in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa

Autores

  • Nandi Makhaye Christian

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34019/2237-6151.2024.v21.44388

Palavras-chave:

N/A

Resumo

The purpose of this paper is to present the thoughts, voices, and lived experiences of people who diverge from  normative socio-cultural and religious prescriptions of gender and sexuality, namely black Izitabane[1] women located in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. Through sharing these experiences, I hope to inspire deeper reflection and reconsideration of the role and presence of Izitabane women in African faith spaces and society. My reflections are framed by Queer Theology, asserting the importance of prioritizing the lived experiences of marginalized Izitabane people in scholarly discourse. This form of theology is particularly relevant and valuable for theologizing on Izitabane bodies, whose rights, experiences, perspectives, and existence are rejected as meaningless and denounced as unimportant. As a result, this methodology underscores the development of a theology from the margins in which the focus is placed on empowering the lives of black Izitabane women as essential points of reference for theological consideration.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Referências

Munro, J., 2005. Black Is a Country: Race and the Unfinished Struggle for Democracy (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2004, £ 19.95) Pp. 285. ISBN 0-674-01300-X. Journal of American Studies, 39(3), pp.571-572.

Gevisser, M. and Cameron, E. eds., 1995. Defiant desire. Taylor & Francis.

Naidoo, K. and Karels, M., 2012. Hate crimes against black lesbian South Africans: Where race, sexual orientation and gender collide (Part I). Obiter, 33(2), pp.236-259.

Judge, M. and Nel, J.A., 2008. Exploring homophobic victimisation in Gauteng, South Africa: Issues, impacts and responses. Acta criminologica: Southern African journal of criminology, 21(3), pp.19-36.

Brown, Roderick. "Corrective rape in South Africa: A continuing plight despite an international human rights response." Ann. Surv. Int'l & Comp. L. 18 (2012): 45.

Msibi, Thabo. "‘I'm used to it now’: experiences of homophobia among queer youth in South African township schools." Gender and education 24, no. 5 (2012): 515-533.

Bhana, Deevia, Robert Morrell, Jeff Hearn, and Relebohile Moletsane. "Power and identity: An introduction to sexualities in Southern Africa." Sexualities 10, no. 2 (2007): 131-139.

Nathanson, Constance A., Robert Sember, and Richard Parker. "Contested bodies: The local and global politics of sex and reproduction." Sex politics: Reports from the front lines. Sexuality Policy Watch (2007).

Awondo, Patrick, Peter Geschiere, and Graeme Reid. "Homophobic Africa? Toward a more nuanced view." African Studies Review 55, no. 3 (2012): 145-168.

Le Roux, Elisabeth. "A scoping study on the role of faith communities and organisations in prevention and response to sexual and gender-based violence: Implications for policy and practice." PhD diss., 2015.

Gruchy, John W. de. "The church and the struggle for South Africa." Theology today 43, no. 2 (1986): 229-243.

Kumalo, Simanga R., and Daglous Dziva. "Paying the price for democracy: The contribution of the church in the development of good governance in South Africa." From our side: Emerging perspectives on development and ethics (2008): 171-187.

Dube, B., and H. V. Molise. "The church and its contributions to the struggle to liberate the Free State province." Southern Journal for Contemporary History 43, no. 1 (2018): 160-177.

Bent-Goodley, Tricia, Noelle St Vil, and Paulette Hubbert. "A spirit unbroken: The black church's evolving response to domestic violence." Social Work and Christianity 39, no. 1 (2012): 52.

Foucault, Michel. Language, counter-memory, practice: Selected essays and interviews. Cornell University Press, 1980.

Sedgwick, Eve Kosofsky. "Epistemology of the closet: Updated with a new preface." (1990).

Katz, Jackson. "Reconstructing masculinity in the locker room: The Mentors in Violence Prevention Project." Harvard Educational Review 65, no. 2 (1995): 163-175.

Fuss, D. (1991). Inside/Out: lesbian theories, gay theories. New York: Rutledge

Fuss, Diana. Inside/out: Lesbian theories, gay theories. Routledge, 2013.

Fuss, D. (1991). Inside/Out: lesbian theories, gay theories. New York: Rutledge

Ingraham, C. (1996). The heterosexual imaginary: Feminist sociology and theories of gender. In S. Seidman (Ed.), Queer theory/sociology (pp. 168-193). Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.

Warner, Thomas E. Never going back: A history of queer activism in Canada. University of Toronto Press, 2002.

Robinson, Kerry H. "‘Queerying’gender: Heteronormativity in early childhood education." Australasian journal of early childhood 30, no. 2 (2005): 19-28.

Yep, Gust A. "Queering/quaring/kauering/crippin'/transing “other bodies” in intercultural communication." Journal of International and Intercultural Communication 6, no. 2 (2013): 118-126.

Van der Toorn, Jojanneke, Ruthie Pliskin, and Thekla Morgenroth. "Not quite over the rainbow: The unrelenting and insidious nature of heteronormative ideology." Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 34 (2020): 160-165.

Berlant, Lauren, and Michael Warner. "Sex in public." Critical inquiry 24, no. 2 (1998): 547-566.

Weeks, Jeffrey. "The idea of a sexual community." Soundings 2 (1996): 71-84.

Simmons, Leigh W. "Sexual selection and genital evolution." Austral Entomology 53, no. 1 (2014): 1-17.

Lake, Nadine. "Black lesbian bodies-reflections on a queer South African archive." Africa insight 44, no. 1 (2014): 69-83.

Gaitho, Waruguru. "Challenging the Single Axis from the Nexus: Operationalizing Intersectionality in International Human Rights Law to Adequately Address the Corrective Rape of Black Lesbians in South Africa." Tul. JL & Sexuality 31 (2022): 1.

Van der Schyff, Marchant. "An issue of social and political salience: a content analysis of how South African newspapers report on ‘corrective rape’." Global Media Journal-African Edition 11, no. 1 (2018): 35-52.

Strudwick, Patrick. "Crisis in South Africa: The shocking practice of 'corrective rape'-aimed at 'curing 'lesbians." The Independent 4 (2014).

Garnets, Linda, Gregory M. Herek, and Barrie Levy. "Violence and victimization of lesbians and gay men: Mental health consequences." Journal of interpersonal violence 5, no. 3 (1990): 366-383.

Jewkes, Rachel, Yandisa Sikweyiya, Robert Morrell, and Kristin Dunkle. "Understanding men’s health and use of violence: interface of rape and HIV in South Africa." Cell 82, no. 442 (2009): 3655.

Ludsin, Hallie, and Lisa Vetten. Spiral of entrapment: Abused women in conflict with the law. Jacana Media, 2005.

Muller, Alexandra, and Tonda L. Hughes. "Making the invisible visible: A systematic review of sexual minority women’s health in Southern Africa." BMC Public Health 16 (2016): 1-8.

Jewkes, Rachel, Loveday Penn-Kekana, and Hetty Rose-Junius. "‘‘If they rape me, I can’t blame them”: Reflections on gender in the social context of child rape in South Africa and Namibia." Social science & medicine 61, no. 8 (2005): 1809-1820.

Garnets, Linda, Gregory M. Herek, and Barrie Levy. "Violence and victimization of lesbians and gay men: Mental health consequences." Journal of interpersonal violence 5, no. 3 (1990): 366-383.

Di Silvio, Leorenzo. "Correcting corrective rape: Carmichele and developing South Africa's affirmative obligations to prevent violence against women." Geo. LJ 99 (2010): 1469.

Downloads

Publicado

2024-08-21

Como Citar

MAKHAYE, N. Condemned bodies: experiences of homophobic hatred and violence in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. Sacrilegens , [S. l.], v. 21, n. 1, 2024. DOI: 10.34019/2237-6151.2024.v21.44388. Disponível em: https://periodicos.ufjf.br/index.php/sacrilegens/article/view/44388. Acesso em: 16 out. 2024.