Principia: Caminhos da Iniciação Científica

Fascism and Corporatism in Latin America: The Cases of Brazilian Integralist Action and Revolutionary Union

Leandro Pereira Gonçalves — 2024-02-09

This research investigates the fascist State projects based on corporatism in Latin America in the 1930s. The analytical field is the most successful electoral and political fascist parties: in Brazil, the Brazilian Integralist Action (Ação Integralista Brasileira – AIB), and in Peru, the Revolutionary Union (Unión Revolucionaria – UR). Despite the non-institutionalization of the movements as regimes and their autochthonous and particular configurations, these organizations are analyzed based on the circulation of fascist ideas in the press. The article proposes to examine agreements and disagreements between corporatist proposals in a transnational perspective. In conclusion, even though there was a sharing of theoretical references, each movement dialogued with its specific context, incorporating aspects of its sociopolitical reality.

Women of the 19th century:

Silvana Mota Barbosa — 2024-02-09

The newspaper O Novo Mundo, created and edited by the brazilian José Carlos Rodrigues, published in New York between 1870 and 1879, reached Brazilian lands with new demands and opportunities, due to the great influence of the periodical's communication. The present work seeks to analyze a specific section of the periodical called “Páginas para Senhoras” which begins to be published in 1874, but it is not a continuous section, it is not present in all subsequent editions. It is noteworthy that the first published article is about women's suffrage in the United States of America, something that differs from other journals that circulated in Brazil. We will seek to understand the various forms of impact of the press on Brazilian society in the 1800s, based on the notion that contemplates gender analysis as a fundamental category for historiography, as proposed by Joan Scott. Understanding, moreover, that the lived experience of women in the 19th century are facts that need to be described considering them as “concrete historical subjects”. That said, the general objective of this article is to reflect on the publication of articles in “Páginas para Senhoras” and the impact of these productions on female thought in search of emancipation in Brazil and the United States, thinking about a descriptive and analytical approach, as suggests Louise Tilly, who poses questions that are raised in other fields of History in an approach that converses with Political and Social History.

O ICMS ecológico de Minas Gerais na Mesorregião Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte

Gustavo Mascarenhas Sousa — 2024-02-09

This work aims to analyze the performance of the Municipalities of the Metropolitan Mesoregion of Belo Horizonte in receiving transfers from the state government through the tax benefit Ecological ICMS, provided by Law nº 18.030/2009. Performance will be critically evaluated based on the participation presented by the Municipalities in the three legal sub-criteria, namely, conservation, environmental sanitation and incidence of dry forest rate, taking into account in the analysis, including, the geographic, environmental, social and economic stats of each program participant. The theoretical framework of the work is neoconstitutionalism and the methodology used is dialectical criticism. In preparing the article, the Municipalities of the Metropolitan Mesoregion of Belo Horizonte were divided into three groups of ten members, according to the global amount of transfers received from the government of Minas Gerais as Ecological ICMS, from January to May of 2021. Thus, it was possible to establish correlations between the transfers made by the government of Minas Gerais and the characteristics of these select Municipalities, so that strategies for improving the program could be proposed, in order to adapt it to the unique needs of the Mesoregion studied. The results presented were in the sense that the program has been poorly explored by the Municipalities of the Metropolitan Mesoregion of Belo Horizonte due to: the value of the reward offered, the lack of knowledge of city managers about the program itself, the absence of more inclusive legal sub-criteria and the neglect of cities involved in the economic activities of mining and transformation. And that the Ecological ICMS has the ability to become one of the main instruments of municipal power in contemplating the diffuse rights of the population and promoting the sustainable development goals proposed by the UN, enabling the financing of policies in favor of a balanced ecosystem.

PREVENTIVE INTERVENTION IN BODY IMAGE DIRTURBANCES, EATING DISORDERS AND MUSCLE DYSMORPHIA:

Maurício Almeida — 2024-02-09

Sexual and gender minority men present high body dissatisfaction, eating disorder and muscle dysmorphia symptoms, which compromise the physical health and psychosocial functioning. The PRIDE Body Project is a dissonance-based intervention developed to prevent these psychopathologies in cisgender gay and bisexual men. However, its efficacy was not tested among Brazilian. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate initial indicators of efficacy of the PRIDE Body Project in reducing appearance-ideal internalization, eating disorder and muscle dysmorphia symptoms in Brazilian cisgender gay and bisexual men. This is a quasi-experimental study, carried out with 74 Brazilian cisgender gay and bisexual men, with high body dissatisfaction. The subjects were invited to participate through advertising in strategic locations in the city of Governador Valadares/MG, as well as through websites and social media. The participants filled out, pre- and post-intervention, a sociodemographic questionnaire and measures of appearance-ideal internalization, eating disorder and muscle dysmorphia symptoms. The PRIDE Body Project consists of two sessions with two hours each and a weekly interval in between. During the sessions, the participants were encouraged to perform a series of written, verbal and behavioral activities. The age of the participants varied between 18 and 30 years (M = 24.68 ± 2.84 years) and the Body Mass Index (BMI) from 18.29 to 50.70 (M = 25.34 ± 5.51). Regarding race/ethnicity, they identify themselves as Brown (n = 35; 47.30%), Black (n = 20; 27.03%) and White (n = 19; 25.67%). A significant reduction was observed between the pre- and post-intervention time-points on appearance-ideal internalization, eating disorder and muscle dysmorphia symptoms. The effect size ranged from medium to large (Cohen’s d ≥ 0.63). The PRIDE Body Project showed preliminary indicators of efficacy in reducing appearance-ideal internalization, eating disorder and muscle dysmorphia symptoms in Brazilian cisgender gay and bisexual men. It is suggested the implementation of this intervention in the academic, clinical and epidemiological field.

Ethics And Medical Advertising On Social Networks In Dermatology

Cintya Martins Vieira — 2024-02-09

The use of social media for professional purposes among physicians as an advertising tool has increased in recent years, raising debates about the norms for medical advertising in the country, with a focus on safeguarding professional ethics. A public consultation carried out in 2020 by the Federal Council of Medicine aimed at updating the Manual of Medical Advertising raised the discussion on the subject in the country and generates expectations for changes in the coming years. This is an original, applied, cross-sectional and descriptive study with quantitative characteristics, conducted with dermatologist physicians working in the municipality of Juiz de Fora. The study aimed to evaluate the profile of social media use by dermatologists in the municipality, their opinion on the current norms of the Manual of Medical Advertising, and their expectations for change. It was found that most professionals use social media for professional purposes and consider that they have adequate knowledge about the current regulation, however, practices prohibited by the Federal Council of Medicine were admitted by a large part of the interviewed dermatologists. All physicians were in favor of changes to the current norms and are against new restrictions.

Panorama geral dos efeitos da temperatura na saúde humana – Revisão sistemática

Renata Miguel da Silva — 2024-02-09

Climate change poses enormous risks to human life, with complex effects on the global population’s health. The objective of this study was to achieve an overview of the effects of temperature on human health, searching in studies conducted in different cities around the world. A search was carried out in abstracts on CAPES and SCIELO scientific development platforms using the keywords ‘temperature’ and ‘health’ in Portuguese, English and Spanish. The occurrence of several diseases directly related to temperature variations were indicated in 368 articles published in several countries. Asia, North America and Europe were the continents that most contributed with the total of publications, with participations of 37,8%, 22,6% and 20,0%, respectively. Eleven disease chapters were identified, according to the classification of International Disease System. The discussions present the results found by several authors for the six most studied disease chapters in all continents.

Estratégia baseada em seleção de características para localização de deterioração estrutural

Victor Alves — 2024-02-09

Recently, structural damage detection techniques have been boosted by advances in data science technologies. In this context, the present study presents an automatic damage localization methodology based on the extraction of features from dynamic data in multi-domains associated with a filtering process. The extraction step is performed simultaneously in time, frequency, and quefrency, to diversify the acquisition of information. In machine learning, this filtering procedure is called “feature selection” and is applied here with the aim of decreasing redundancy and increasing the relevance of the feature set. The main concept is that the proposed method can adapt to the structure, providing generality about the type of geometry, material, and excitation it encounters. The damage-sensitive index is calculated from a proposed outlier analysis. The method showed promise in locating anomalies on the Z24 bridge, a full-scale construction.