CSOnline - REVISTA ELETRÔNICA DE CIÊNCIAS SOCIAIS

Temple of Solomon of the Universal Church as “a space for all”

Carlos Gonçalves da Fonseca — 2025-12-01

This paper analyzes the processes and dynamics of the construction of the Temple of Solomon of the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God as a space conceived for all, through the lens of tourism and its various modalities. The study focuses on visits and tourism, investigating the institutional intentions behind the promotion of the Temple as a tourist destination. The methodology combines ethnographic fieldwork carried out at the Temple in 2018 with documentary research on the Church’s official websites and pages, as well as journalistic reports from multiple media outlets. The findings indicate that tourism plays a key role in shaping the identity of the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God by producing a reconstructed traditionalism. This traditionalism, built on elements referencing a mythical Israel, is mobilized by the institution as a strategy to “bring the Holy Land to everyone.” The different forms of tourism developed at the Temple of Solomon highlight the place that the Universal Church seeks to occupy within the Brazilian religious field, positioning itself as a relevant actor in religious tourism, a space historically dominated by the Catholic Church in the country.

"We don't accept colored sheep at our altar"

Alliston Fellipe Nascimento dos Santos — 2025-12-01

In an institutionalized Christian religious setting, a heteronormative view has prevailed for years, in which homosexuality is considered by conservative Christians to be a divine transgression or “abomination”. In this environment of social and power disputes, inclusive churches have emerged, aimed primarily at welcoming the LGBTQIAPN+ community. The article analyzes the positions of three Brazilian evangelical pastors - André Valadão, Edir Macedo and Silas Malafaia - based on newspaper articles that expose their rejection of the LGBTQIAPN+ community. Using Bourdieu's Field Theory, the study explores the power relations involved, revealing, through the media repercussions of their positions, a complex intersection between religion, sexual orientation and gender identity, showing how these conservative leaders contribute to the exclusion of this community in various social spheres, such as religion. In response, inclusive churches offer a space to welcome and experience spirituality without discrimination.

Perspectives on the Individual and Society

Matheus Rodrigues — 2025-12-01

Over the course of the 20th century, sociology has developed enlightening theories on the relationship between individuals and society, with Norbert Elias, Anthony Giddens and Pierre Bourdieu standing out. The aim of this essay is to analyze the relevance of these theoretical perspectives on the relationship between individuals and society. The question guiding this essay is to discuss the importance of the relationship between individual and society in the theoretical perspectives of Norbert Elias, Anthony Giddens and Pierre Bourdieu in the field of sociological theory. Thus, the methodology employed is based on a theoretical discussion based on Bourdieu's notion of field, where fields are perceived as organized spaces of positions and power relations between agents or institutions. In the final considerations, we conclude that the theories of Elias, Giddens and Bourdieu offer complementary and complex views on the interdependence between the individual and society. Elias highlights reflexivity, Giddens the reciprocity between structure and agency, and Bourdieu the dynamics of habitus and fields. Bourdieu's theory of habitus and fields, in particular, provides a more holistic understanding of the complex relationship between individual and society. Even so, these theories are fundamental to a rich and dynamic analysis of the interaction between individual and society and should be investigated further.

Cultural political economy

Diego Fraga — 2025-12-01

This article presents the Cultural Political Economy (CPE) approach developed by Bob Jessop and Ngai-Ling Sum. EPC is dedicated to analyzing the phenomena of political economy, dialectically bringing together its semiotic and extra-semiotic aspects. In other words, they raise the analytical possibility of understanding the various phenomena classified as objects of political economy, understanding the interrelated dynamism of their material and cultural faces. The theoretical roots of the EPC will be presented, the intellectual debate raised around the approach, its main analytical tools, with special emphasis on the concept of “economic imaginaries”, a set of different applications that have been carried out by different authors, the developments and the main criticisms and disagreements. At the end, a brief assessment is made, considering the criticisms and development possibilities of the approach, understanding the flexibility, in analytical terms, that it allows as a positive contribution. The main challenges identified are the balance between the semiotic and the extra-semiotic, as well as the need for a greater number of empirical studies that demonstrate their explanatory power. Finally, a radicalization of the heterodoxy of the approach is proposed, so that a constructive dialogue is created with other theoretical currents.

Between oblivion and resistance:

Rodrigo Camurça Ayres — 2025-12-04

This article brings to light a text originally written during the most intense years of the Covid-19 pandemic (2020–2022). In 2025, as a scientific attempt to resist oblivion and as a gesture of rescuing a memory that still affects me deeply, I have decided to publish this work. The decision to preserve the original writing style, in the present tense, allows for maintaining the density of the lived moment while simultaneously enabling a critical reflection from the present, updating the meanings of the pandemic (2020–2022) and its social consequences. This article proposes a critical, autoethnographic analysis of the discussions carried out within a study group entitled “Social Conflicts in Brazilian Peripheries”, developed in collaboration between the research groups Observatório Fluminense (UFRRJ)¹ and Distúrbio – Dispositivos, Tramas Urbanas, Ordens e Resistências (UERJ)². The reflection arises from the pandemic context that began in 2020, considering how such a situation permeated academic debates and subjectively affected the participants. Based on observations of the intellectual and activist interventions presented throughout the working group, the aim was to understand the effects of public policies — or their absence — on marginalized bodies during the pandemic (2020–2022). The study establishes connections between emergency health policies and the symbolic disappearance of bodies — particularly racialized and peripheral ones — exploring the historical continuity of these mechanisms of invisibilization from the military dictatorship³ to the Covid-19 pandemic (2020–2022).

Nota Editorial n. 40

Gustavo Gabaldo — 2025-12-01

Nota Editorial n. 40

Apresentação do dossiê - Teoria Política feminista

Thaís Lamas — 2025-12-01

Apresentação do dossiê - Teoria Política feminista

Feminist Political Theory:

Jocieli Decol — 2025-12-01

Positioned within the framework of feminist political theory, this article examines Iris Marion Young’s contributions to democratic debate, particularly through an analysis of Inclusion and Democracy (2000). In this book, Young advocates for the expansion of democratic mechanisms through the valorization of forms of communication that recognize social differences as resources — rather than obstacles — for deepening democracy in contexts marked by structural inequalities. Engaging with the deliberative model of democracy and grounded in the principles of inclusion, political equality, reasonableness, and publicity, the author adds complexity to the democratic debate by proposing new forms of communicative participation in the democratic process. Her goal is to broaden political inclusion and, consequently, to foster fairer decisions that are more attuned to social plurality.

Justice Beyond the Veil

Carolina Fabião da Silva — 2025-12-01

This article presents a critique of John Rawls's Theory of Justice through the lens of the Afro-Latin American thought of Lélia Gonzalez, aiming to highlight the limitations of liberal theory when confronted with the structural inequalities present in Améfrica Ladina. The comparative analysis draws on central concepts from Rawls’s A Theory of Justice and Gonzalez’s texts “Racism and Sexism in Brazilian Culture” and “For an Afro-Latin American Feminism.” Rawls’s proposal of impartiality—based on abstractions such as the Original Position and the Veil of Ignorance—proves insufficient when examined alongside the lived realities of historically oppressed subjects. Gonzalez exposes how racism and sexism are not incidental but structural components of inequality. Her critique asserts that justice must be grounded in the concrete experiences of Black, Indigenous, and marginalized peoples. The article also underscores Rawls’s omission of the private sphere, revealing, through Gonzalez’s analysis, how the domestic space plays a central role in reproducing social inequalities. By mobilizing concepts such as pretuguês, amefricanidade, and women as exception, Gonzalez offers a critical and situated perspective of justice that challenges liberal assumptions and proposes a reconstruction of the concept of justice from the margins.

Revisiting the city of women by Ruth Landes

João Vinicius dos Santos — 2025-12-01

This paper revisits The City of Women, a seminal work by anthropologist Ruth Landes, focusing on her contributions to gender and race studies in Brazil. The object of analysis is her 1938 ethnographic research in Salvador, Bahia, where she documented the central role of Black women and the presence of homosexual men within Candomblé religious communities. The main objective is to present the social and political impacts of Landes’ work and to reflect on the delegitimization she faced due to her gender, nationality, and innovative thematic choices for her time. The methodology is based on a critical analysis of Landes’ production in dialogue with contemporary scholars and the historical reception of her work. The study explores the tensions between Landes’ narrative and the dominant discourse of “racial democracy” promoted by intellectuals like Gilberto Freyre. The research also highlights the role of Edison Carneiro, a Black Brazilian intellectual who facilitated her integration into local communities. The conclusions indicate that The City of Women broke with Eurocentric paradigms by revealing the centrality of Black women in the political and economic life of Afro-Brazilian religious communities and by recognizing marginalized subjects such as homosexual men. Although Landes’ work was silenced and criticized, it is now regarded as a pioneering contribution to race, gender, and sexuality studies. The analysis underscores how her marginalization reflects structural sexism and racism in academia.

PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN IN THE MUNICIPAL COUNCIL OF BELO HORIZONTE

Alice Rezende Monteiro de Barros — 2025-12-01

This article investigates the representation of women in institutional politics, focusing on the effectiveness of the national policy of gender quotas. It is analyzed whether the reserve of vacancies contributes to the effective participation of women in the political field. It is assumed that formal compliance with the quotas does not ensure proportional representation or correct structural inequalities. The study has as empirical object the City of Belo Horizonte and considers the electoral data from 2008 to 2020, focusing on the parties PSDB and PSOL. In addition, it will be presented the current composition of the Chamber - with 12 elected councilors (29.26%) - that reveals advances, but still far from an equitable representation, especially when compared to the demographic profile of the not only quantitative.

Presidential speech and gender

Raquel Valadares — 2025-12-01

The purpose of this research is to identify the public position of two presidents of the Republic, Lula and Dilma, regarding the gender issue, taking as an element of investigation the messages sent to the National Congress. The messages of the two presidents analysed had a dual function: to render accounts of what had been accomplished and to indicate positions and priorities. For this, as a research method, it was used the content analysis with lexicometry and use of the software Iramuteq; the analysis of the presidential speech through lexicometry allowed to identify both the presidents' emphasis on the theme and the words of interest in its context. The aim was to understand the discussion of gender within the spaces of power as an indicator of position-taking and confrontation of inequalities from the placement on the government agenda.

Representing, resisting and legislating

Maithê Potrich — 2025-12-01

O objetivo deste artigo é rastrear o processo de
institucionalização da Lei 243/2012, que combate o assédio e a violência
política cometidos contra as mulheres na Bolívia. Esse processo foi
marcado pelo pioneirismo do Movimento Feminista da Bolívia, que foi o
primeiro a elaborar um projeto de lei para criminalizar a Violência Política
contra as Mulheres, e pelas interações desempenhadas entre Movimento e
Instituições do Estado. Com base no método Process Tracing, este artigo
descreve como as interações socioestatais ocorreram, os conflitos
observados e o processo causal que levou à aprovação da Lei 243. O
referencial teórico dialoga com duas teorias principais: a teoria feminista
sobre representação política e a teoria neo-institucionalista sobre
processos de institucionalização. Essa articulação teórica ajuda a refletir
sobre os contornos da representação política das mulheres e sobre como
as demandas do Movimento Feminista foram institucionalizadas. O
rastreamento do processo de institucionalização da Lei 243 revelou que a
presença das femocratas nas instituições do Estado foi um elemento
indispensável para a aprovação do projeto de lei.

We will not be silent!

Valéria Dos Santos Noronha — 2025-12-01

This article aims to produce a critical discussion on political gender violence in Brazil, contextualizing the topic historically and considering the colonial and patriarchal heritage as processes that have always sought to obstruct women's participation in territories of power. We aim to strengthen the debate on GVP and its consequences, identifying the main challenges and dynamics of resistance in the context of political institutions. Methodologically, the study is supported by a literature review with bibliographic and documentary research. Among the results presented, the following stand out: there is no democracy without women in politics; In order to understand GVP, there is a need to recognize the intertwining of class, race, sexuality, and age that permeate the category of women; There is still low female representation in politics, and it is urgent to expand actions that enable women to exercise power; Multiple forms of violence that are increasingly affecting parliamentarians from the most varied spheres, requiring greater commitment from the State, Civil Society, Social Movements, and the Academic Community.

Conceptual disputes on political violence against women in the Latin American context

Livia Guida Antonio — 2025-12-01

This article aims to map the main conceptual milestones and disputes surrounding the category "violence against women in politics," with an emphasis on Latin American theoretical production and special attention to the Brazilian context. The analysis reveals the predominance of approaches that link the phenomenon to the recent increase in women’s institutional political participation, treating it as a contemporary reaction to female political presence. This perspective often neglects the historical, structural, and symbolic dimensions of the violence, thus limiting its understanding and the scope of potential theoretical and political responses. Throughout the text, the importance of adopting a critical, intersectional, and context-sensitive perspective is emphasized—one that considers gender, race, class, and territory, as well as the particularities of Brazil's sociopolitical formation. This is a theoretical, qualitative study, employing an inductive method and a historical-structural approach. The article identifies two major blind spots in current formulations: (i) the marginal use of intersectionality as a foundational analytical category and (ii) the under-theorization of symbolic violence. These omissions not only weaken explanatory capacity but also reproduce silencing and exclusion. The article concludes by proposing symbolic violence—manifested through political erasure—as a structural mechanism of patriarchal power and advocates for a critical feminist theory capable of denaturalizing the foundational exclusions of Brazilian politics.

Between Streets, Hashtags, and Submerged Networks

Fernanda Polidoro Paiva — 2025-12-01

Far from being limited to the logic of superficial spectacularization often attributed to digital networks, feminist mobilizations in Brazil between 2013 and 2018 reveal a complex articulation between the intimate sphere and collective action. This article draws on social movement theory and feminist critiques of the public/private dichotomy (Miguel & Biroli, 2014; Melucci, 1989) to analyze how the viralization of feminist campaigns on social media results from the interdependence between latency and visibility. Based on the concept of "submerged networks," it argues that feminist digital activism is grounded in spaces of symbolic and affective construction — such as blogs, fanpages, and especially closed Facebook groups — which operate as subaltern counterpublics (Fraser, 1999), challenging the discursive exclusion of women from the hegemonic public sphere. In these spaces, personal experiences are politicized and transformed into collective narratives, producing repertoires of action that overflow into widely visible campaigns such as #MeuPrimeiroAssédio, #MeuAmigoSecreto, and #MeuMotoristaAbusador. By exploring the interplay of affect, networks, and language in online feminist practices, this investigation contributes to the debate on the limits and possibilities of the contemporary public sphere from the perspective of feminist political theory.