Para Além da Vida Quotidiana. Amor e sexualidade em Contexto Turístico: resultados preliminares de uma pesquisa exploratória no Algarve (Portugal)
Keywords:
Amor, Liminaridade, Liminóide, Algarve, Romance, SexoAbstract
Este artigo explora a ideia segundo a qual o conceito de liminaridade, concretamente de «situações liminóides», pode igualmente ser utilizado para analisar e explicar os comportamentos e atitudes românticas e sexuais não comerciais e de caráter não exploratório que ocorrem em contexto turístico. Em sentido lato, o problema da investigação que aqui se apresenta foi: quais são os padrões de comportamento romântico e sexual no contexto da viagem de férias de «sol e praia» na Europa? Tratou-se de estudar os padrões comportamentais, as atitudes face à sexualidade e as expressões da intimidade num contexto turístico da contemporaneidade, tendo como pano de fundo uma região europeia (hiper) turística: o Algarve. A investigação recorreu a um inquérito por questionário realizado a uma amostra (estratificada por país de residência) composta por 1015 turistas que visitaram a região do Algarve (Portugal) nos verões de 2014 e 2015. Apresentam-se aqui os resultados, numa análise descritiva e impressionista, de uma pesquisa ainda em curso cujos objetivos foram, precisamente, produzir evidências empíricas - mas também construir contributos teóricos - em torno da articulação entre o turismo e a sexualidade humana, assumidamente fora do paradigma do «turismo sexual», conclui-se que existe, por um lado, uma relação forte entre as férias na Europa e a disponibilidade para os envolvimentos românticos confirmando; por outro lado, o potencial erótico e sexual do contexto turístico, mesmo no interior da sexualidade conjugal.Downloads
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References
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BAUER, T. & McKercher, B. (Eds.) Sex and Tourism. Journeys of Romance, Love and Lust. New York: The Haworth Hospitality Press, 2003.
BELLIS, M., HUGHES, K., CALAFAT, A., JUAN, M., RAMON, A., RODRIGUEZ, J., MENDES, F., SCHNITZER, S. & PHILLIPS-HOWARD, P. Sexual uses of alcohol and drugs and the associated health risks: A cross sectional study of young people in nine European cities. BMC Public Health, 8:155, 1-11. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-8-155, 2008.
BENOTSCH, E., NETTLES, C., WONG, F., REDMANN, J., BOSCHINI, J., PINKERTON, S., RAGSDALE, K. & MIKYTUCK, J. Sexual risk behavior in men attending mardi gras celebrations in New Orleans, Louisiana. Journal of Community Health, 32(5), 343–356. doi:10.1007/s10900-007-9054-8, 2007.
BROWN, L. The transformative power of the international sojourn: an ethnographic study of the international student experience. Annals of Tourism Research, 36(3), 502-521. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2009.03.002, 2009.
CARR, N. & PORIA, Y. Introduction: Provision, Marketing and Consumption of Sex and the Sexual in the Leisure and Tourism Environment. In N. CARR & Y. PORIA (Eds.), Sex and the Sexual During People’s Leisure and Tourism Experiences (pp. 1–16). Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2010.
COHEN, E. Tourism and AIDS in Thailand. Annals of Tourism Research, 15, 467-486. doi:10.1016/0160- 7383(88)90044-8, 1988.
COHEN, E. Thai girls and Farang men: the edge of ambiguity. Annals of Tourism Research, 9, 403-428. doi:10.1016/0160-7383(82)90021-4,1982.
CARTER, S. & CLIFT, S. Tourism, international travel and sex: themes and research. In S. Clift & S. Carter (Eds.), Tourism and Sex : Culture, Commerce and Coercion (pp. 1–19). London: Pinter, 2000.
DAHLES, H. & BRAS, K. Entrepreneurs in romance: tourism in Indonesia. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(2), 267-293. doi:10.1016/S0160-7383(98)00098-X, 1999.
DAVIDSON, J. Prostitution, power and freedom. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 1998.
DAVIDSON, J. Sex tourism in Cuba. Race & Class, 38(1), 39-48. doi:10.1177/030639689603800103, 1996.
DE ALBUQUERQUE, K. Sex, beach boys and female tourists in the Caribbean. In B. M. Dank & R. Refinetti (Eds.), Sexuality and Culture (pp. 87–111). New Jersey: New Brunswinck, 1998.
FISHER, T., Davis, C., Yarber, W. & Davis, S. (Eds.) Handbook of Sexuality-Related Measures. 3rd Ed. New York: Routledge, 2011.
FRANKLIN, A. Tourism: An Introduction. Londres: Sage, 2003.
GRABURN, N. Tourism: The Sacred Journey. In V. L. Smith (Ed.), Hosts and Guest. The Anthropology of Tourism (pp. 21–36). Philadelphia: University of Pensilvania Press, 1989.
HALL, C. Sex tourism in Southeast Asia. In D. Harrison (Ed.), Tourism and the less developed countries (pp. 65-74). London: Belhaven Press, 1992.
HEROLD, E., Garcia, R., & DeMoya, T. Female tourists and beach boys: romance or sex tourism? Annals of Tourism Research, 28(4), 978–997. doi:10.1016/S0160-7383(01)00003-2, 2001.
INE - Anuário estatístico da região do Algarve. Lisboa: Instituto Nacional de Estatística, I.P., 2012.
JAFARI, J. Tourism models: the sociocultural aspects. Tourism Management, 8(2), 151–159. doi:10.1016/0261-5177(87)90023-9, 2013, 1987.
JEFFREYS, S. Sex tourism: do women do it too? Leisure Studies, 22(3), 223-238. doi:10.1080/026143603200075452, 2003.
LANÇA, M. Sexualidade Lúdica em Contexto Turístico: O Caso da Concentração Motard de Faro. Dissertação de Mestrado. Faro: Universidade do Algarve. Retrieved from: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/3095, 2012
LANÇA, M., MARQUES, J. F. & Valle, P. Structural Equation Modeling Applied to Sex, Romance and Liminal Behaviour in Tourism Context. The Case of the Faro International Bike Meeting. Spatial and Organizational Dynamics - Discussion Papers, (13), 73–87. Retrieved from: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/4594, 2014.
LETT, J. Ludic and liminoid aspects of charter yacht tourism in the Caribbean. Annals of Tourism Research, 10(1), 35-56. doi:10.1016/0160-7383(83)90114-7, 1983.
LEUNG, P. Sex tourism: the case of Cambodia. In T. Bauer & B. McKercher (Eds.), Sex and Tourism. Journeys of Romance, Love and Lust (pp. 181-193). New York: The Haworth Hospitality Press, 2003.
LITTLEWOOD, I. Sultry Climates: Travel and Sex Since the Grand Tour. London: John Murray, 2001.
MARQUES, J. F. Sun, sand, sea and sex. In Encyclopedia of Tourism. Springer. (Forthcoming), 2016.
MCKERCHER, B. & BAUER, T. Conceptual Framework of the Nexus Between Tourism, Romance and Sex. In T. Bauer & B. McKercher (Eds.), Sex and Tourism. Journeys of Romance, Love and Lust (pp. 3–18). New York: The Haworth Hospitality Press, 2003.
MEMISH, Z. & OSOBA, A. International travel and sexuallytra nsmitted diseases. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, 4(2), 86–93. Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2005.01.003, 2005.
MICHAUD, Y. Préface. In Cl. Origet du Cuzeau (Dir.), Amours et Tourisme (pp. 9-15). Paris: L’Harmattan, 2013.
MONTGOMERY, H. Buying Innocence: child-sex tourists in Thailand. Third World Quarterly, 29(5), 903–917. doi:10.1080/01436590802106023, 2008.
OPPERMANN, M. Sex tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(2), 251–266. doi:10.1016/S0160- 7383(98)00081-4, 1999.
OPPERMANN, M. Sex tourism and prostitution: aspects ofleis ure, recreation, and work. New York: Cognizant Communication Corporation, 1998.
PISCITELLI, A. Tropical sex in a European country: Brazilianw omen’s migration to Italy in the frame of international sex touris. Revista de Estudos Femininos, 15(3). Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-026X2007000300014, 2008.
PISCITELLI, A. Shifting Boundaries: Sex and Money in the North-East of Brazil. Sexualities, 10(4), 489–500. doi:10.1177/1363460707080986, 2007.
PRUITT, D.; LaFont, S. For love and money. Romance Tourism in Jamaica. Annals of Tourism Research, 22(2), 422–440. doi:10.1016/0160-7383(94)00084-0, 1995.
RAO, N. The dark side of tourism and sexuality: trafficking ofN epali girls for Indian brothels. In T. Bauer & B. McKercher (Eds.), Sex and Tourism. Journeys of Romance, Love and Lust (pp. 155-165). New York: The Haworth Hospitality Press, 2003.
RAO, N. Sex tourism in South Asia. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 11(2/3), 96-99. Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09596119910250940, 1999.
REDMON, D. Playful deviance as an urban leisure activity: secret selves, self-validation and entertaining Performance. Deviant Behavior, 24, 27–51. doi:10.1080/01639620390117174, 2003.
RYAN, C. Sex Tourism: Paradigms of Confusion? In S. Clift &S. Carter (Eds.) Tourism and Sex: Culture, Commerce and Coersion (pp. 23-40). London: Pinter, 2000.
RYAN, C. & Hall, M. Sex Tourism. Marginal People and Liminalities. London: Routledge, 2001.
RYAN, C. & Kinder, R. Sex, tourism and sex tourism: fulfilling similar needs? Tourism Management, 17(7), 507-518. doi:10.1016/S0261-5177(96)00068-4, 1996.
SACRAMENTO, O. Atlântico passional: mobilidades e configurações transnacionais de intimidade eurobrasileiras. Tese de Doutoramento. Lisboa: Instituto niversitário de Lisboa. Retrieved from: http://hdl.handle.net/10071/8790, 2014.
SACRAMENTO, O. & Ribeiro, F. A ilusão da conquista: sexo, amor e interesse entre gringos e garotas em Natal (Brasil-RN), CRONOS-Revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais da UFRN, 7(1),161 -172. Retrieved form: http://www.cetrad.info/?action=documentos/viewDocument&id=55, 2007.
SANCHEZ-TAYLOR, J. Female sex tourism. A contradiction in terms? Feminist Review, 83, 42-59. Retrieved from: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3874382, 2006.
SANCHEZ-TAYLOR, J. Dollars are a girl’s best friend?F male tourists' sexual behaviour in the Caribbean. Sociology, 35(3), 749–764. doi:10.1177/S0038038501000384, 2001.
SANCHEZ-TAYLOR, J. S. Tourism and “embodied” commodities: Sex tourism in the Caribbean. In S. Clift & S. Carter (Eds.), Tourism and Sex : Culture, Comerce and Coercion (pp. 41–53). London: Pinter, 2000.
SELÄNNIEMI, T. On holiday in the Liminoid Playground: Place, Time and Self in Tourism. In T. Bauer & B. McKercher (Eds.), Sex and Tourism. Journeys of Romance, Love and Lust (pp. 19–42). New York: The Haworth Hospitality Press, 2003.
STERNBERG, E. The iconography of the tourism experience. Annals of Tourism Research, 24(4), 951- 969. doi:10.1016/S0160-7383(97)00053-4, 1997.
TURNER, V. Dramas, Fields & Metaphors. Symbolic Action in Human Societies. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press,1974a.
TURNER, V. O Processo Ritual. Estrutura e Anti-Estrutura. Persépolis: Vozes, 1974b.
TRUONG, T. Sex, money and morality: prostitution and tourism in Southeast Asia. London: Zed Books,1990.
URRY, J. The Tourist Gaze (2nd Ed.). London: SAGE Publications, 2002.
VAN GENNEP, A. (1960 [1909]). The Rites of Passage. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. WAGNER, U. Out of Time and Place: Mass Tourism and Charter Trips. Ethnos, 42(1-2), 38–52. doi:10.1080/00141844.1977.9981130, 1977.
WEICHSELBAUMER, D. Sex, romance and the carnivalesque between female tourists and Caribbean men. Tourism Management, 33(5), 1220-1229. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2011.11.009, 2012.
WEIS, D. The Need to Integrate Sexual Theory and Research. In M. Wiederman & B. Whitley (Eds.), Handbook for Conducting Research on Human Sexuality. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Publishers, 2002.
WEITMAN, S. On the Elementary Forms of the SocioeroticLif e. Theory, Culture & Society, 15(3), 71–110. doi:10.1177/0263276498015003005, 1998.
WICKENS, E. Licensed for thrill: risk-taking and tourism. In S. Clift & P. Gabowski (Eds), Tourism and Health (pp. 151–164). London: Printer, 1997.
WIEDERMAN, M. & WHITLEY, B. (Eds.) Handbook for Conducting Research on Human Sexuality. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Publisher, 2002.
BAUER, T. & McKercher, B. (Eds.) Sex and Tourism. Journeys of Romance, Love and Lust. New York: The Haworth Hospitality Press, 2003.
BELLIS, M., HUGHES, K., CALAFAT, A., JUAN, M., RAMON, A., RODRIGUEZ, J., MENDES, F., SCHNITZER, S. & PHILLIPS-HOWARD, P. Sexual uses of alcohol and drugs and the associated health risks: A cross sectional study of young people in nine European cities. BMC Public Health, 8:155, 1-11. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-8-155, 2008.
BENOTSCH, E., NETTLES, C., WONG, F., REDMANN, J., BOSCHINI, J., PINKERTON, S., RAGSDALE, K. & MIKYTUCK, J. Sexual risk behavior in men attending mardi gras celebrations in New Orleans, Louisiana. Journal of Community Health, 32(5), 343–356. doi:10.1007/s10900-007-9054-8, 2007.
BROWN, L. The transformative power of the international sojourn: an ethnographic study of the international student experience. Annals of Tourism Research, 36(3), 502-521. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2009.03.002, 2009.
CARR, N. & PORIA, Y. Introduction: Provision, Marketing and Consumption of Sex and the Sexual in the Leisure and Tourism Environment. In N. CARR & Y. PORIA (Eds.), Sex and the Sexual During People’s Leisure and Tourism Experiences (pp. 1–16). Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2010.
COHEN, E. Tourism and AIDS in Thailand. Annals of Tourism Research, 15, 467-486. doi:10.1016/0160- 7383(88)90044-8, 1988.
COHEN, E. Thai girls and Farang men: the edge of ambiguity. Annals of Tourism Research, 9, 403-428. doi:10.1016/0160-7383(82)90021-4,1982.
CARTER, S. & CLIFT, S. Tourism, international travel and sex: themes and research. In S. Clift & S. Carter (Eds.), Tourism and Sex : Culture, Commerce and Coercion (pp. 1–19). London: Pinter, 2000.
DAHLES, H. & BRAS, K. Entrepreneurs in romance: tourism in Indonesia. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(2), 267-293. doi:10.1016/S0160-7383(98)00098-X, 1999.
DAVIDSON, J. Prostitution, power and freedom. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 1998.
DAVIDSON, J. Sex tourism in Cuba. Race & Class, 38(1), 39-48. doi:10.1177/030639689603800103, 1996.
DE ALBUQUERQUE, K. Sex, beach boys and female tourists in the Caribbean. In B. M. Dank & R. Refinetti (Eds.), Sexuality and Culture (pp. 87–111). New Jersey: New Brunswinck, 1998.
FISHER, T., Davis, C., Yarber, W. & Davis, S. (Eds.) Handbook of Sexuality-Related Measures. 3rd Ed. New York: Routledge, 2011.
FRANKLIN, A. Tourism: An Introduction. Londres: Sage, 2003.
GRABURN, N. Tourism: The Sacred Journey. In V. L. Smith (Ed.), Hosts and Guest. The Anthropology of Tourism (pp. 21–36). Philadelphia: University of Pensilvania Press, 1989.
HALL, C. Sex tourism in Southeast Asia. In D. Harrison (Ed.), Tourism and the less developed countries (pp. 65-74). London: Belhaven Press, 1992.
HEROLD, E., Garcia, R., & DeMoya, T. Female tourists and beach boys: romance or sex tourism? Annals of Tourism Research, 28(4), 978–997. doi:10.1016/S0160-7383(01)00003-2, 2001.
INE - Anuário estatístico da região do Algarve. Lisboa: Instituto Nacional de Estatística, I.P., 2012.
JAFARI, J. Tourism models: the sociocultural aspects. Tourism Management, 8(2), 151–159. doi:10.1016/0261-5177(87)90023-9, 2013, 1987.
JEFFREYS, S. Sex tourism: do women do it too? Leisure Studies, 22(3), 223-238. doi:10.1080/026143603200075452, 2003.
LANÇA, M. Sexualidade Lúdica em Contexto Turístico: O Caso da Concentração Motard de Faro. Dissertação de Mestrado. Faro: Universidade do Algarve. Retrieved from: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/3095, 2012
LANÇA, M., MARQUES, J. F. & Valle, P. Structural Equation Modeling Applied to Sex, Romance and Liminal Behaviour in Tourism Context. The Case of the Faro International Bike Meeting. Spatial and Organizational Dynamics - Discussion Papers, (13), 73–87. Retrieved from: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/4594, 2014.
LETT, J. Ludic and liminoid aspects of charter yacht tourism in the Caribbean. Annals of Tourism Research, 10(1), 35-56. doi:10.1016/0160-7383(83)90114-7, 1983.
LEUNG, P. Sex tourism: the case of Cambodia. In T. Bauer & B. McKercher (Eds.), Sex and Tourism. Journeys of Romance, Love and Lust (pp. 181-193). New York: The Haworth Hospitality Press, 2003.
LITTLEWOOD, I. Sultry Climates: Travel and Sex Since the Grand Tour. London: John Murray, 2001.
MARQUES, J. F. Sun, sand, sea and sex. In Encyclopedia of Tourism. Springer. (Forthcoming), 2016.
MCKERCHER, B. & BAUER, T. Conceptual Framework of the Nexus Between Tourism, Romance and Sex. In T. Bauer & B. McKercher (Eds.), Sex and Tourism. Journeys of Romance, Love and Lust (pp. 3–18). New York: The Haworth Hospitality Press, 2003.
MEMISH, Z. & OSOBA, A. International travel and sexuallytra nsmitted diseases. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, 4(2), 86–93. Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2005.01.003, 2005.
MICHAUD, Y. Préface. In Cl. Origet du Cuzeau (Dir.), Amours et Tourisme (pp. 9-15). Paris: L’Harmattan, 2013.
MONTGOMERY, H. Buying Innocence: child-sex tourists in Thailand. Third World Quarterly, 29(5), 903–917. doi:10.1080/01436590802106023, 2008.
OPPERMANN, M. Sex tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(2), 251–266. doi:10.1016/S0160- 7383(98)00081-4, 1999.
OPPERMANN, M. Sex tourism and prostitution: aspects ofleis ure, recreation, and work. New York: Cognizant Communication Corporation, 1998.
PISCITELLI, A. Tropical sex in a European country: Brazilianw omen’s migration to Italy in the frame of international sex touris. Revista de Estudos Femininos, 15(3). Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-026X2007000300014, 2008.
PISCITELLI, A. Shifting Boundaries: Sex and Money in the North-East of Brazil. Sexualities, 10(4), 489–500. doi:10.1177/1363460707080986, 2007.
PRUITT, D.; LaFont, S. For love and money. Romance Tourism in Jamaica. Annals of Tourism Research, 22(2), 422–440. doi:10.1016/0160-7383(94)00084-0, 1995.
RAO, N. The dark side of tourism and sexuality: trafficking ofN epali girls for Indian brothels. In T. Bauer & B. McKercher (Eds.), Sex and Tourism. Journeys of Romance, Love and Lust (pp. 155-165). New York: The Haworth Hospitality Press, 2003.
RAO, N. Sex tourism in South Asia. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 11(2/3), 96-99. Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09596119910250940, 1999.
REDMON, D. Playful deviance as an urban leisure activity: secret selves, self-validation and entertaining Performance. Deviant Behavior, 24, 27–51. doi:10.1080/01639620390117174, 2003.
RYAN, C. Sex Tourism: Paradigms of Confusion? In S. Clift &S. Carter (Eds.) Tourism and Sex: Culture, Commerce and Coersion (pp. 23-40). London: Pinter, 2000.
RYAN, C. & Hall, M. Sex Tourism. Marginal People and Liminalities. London: Routledge, 2001.
RYAN, C. & Kinder, R. Sex, tourism and sex tourism: fulfilling similar needs? Tourism Management, 17(7), 507-518. doi:10.1016/S0261-5177(96)00068-4, 1996.
SACRAMENTO, O. Atlântico passional: mobilidades e configurações transnacionais de intimidade eurobrasileiras. Tese de Doutoramento. Lisboa: Instituto niversitário de Lisboa. Retrieved from: http://hdl.handle.net/10071/8790, 2014.
SACRAMENTO, O. & Ribeiro, F. A ilusão da conquista: sexo, amor e interesse entre gringos e garotas em Natal (Brasil-RN), CRONOS-Revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais da UFRN, 7(1),161 -172. Retrieved form: http://www.cetrad.info/?action=documentos/viewDocument&id=55, 2007.
SANCHEZ-TAYLOR, J. Female sex tourism. A contradiction in terms? Feminist Review, 83, 42-59. Retrieved from: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3874382, 2006.
SANCHEZ-TAYLOR, J. Dollars are a girl’s best friend?F male tourists' sexual behaviour in the Caribbean. Sociology, 35(3), 749–764. doi:10.1177/S0038038501000384, 2001.
SANCHEZ-TAYLOR, J. S. Tourism and “embodied” commodities: Sex tourism in the Caribbean. In S. Clift & S. Carter (Eds.), Tourism and Sex : Culture, Comerce and Coercion (pp. 41–53). London: Pinter, 2000.
SELÄNNIEMI, T. On holiday in the Liminoid Playground: Place, Time and Self in Tourism. In T. Bauer & B. McKercher (Eds.), Sex and Tourism. Journeys of Romance, Love and Lust (pp. 19–42). New York: The Haworth Hospitality Press, 2003.
STERNBERG, E. The iconography of the tourism experience. Annals of Tourism Research, 24(4), 951- 969. doi:10.1016/S0160-7383(97)00053-4, 1997.
TURNER, V. Dramas, Fields & Metaphors. Symbolic Action in Human Societies. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press,1974a.
TURNER, V. O Processo Ritual. Estrutura e Anti-Estrutura. Persépolis: Vozes, 1974b.
TRUONG, T. Sex, money and morality: prostitution and tourism in Southeast Asia. London: Zed Books,1990.
URRY, J. The Tourist Gaze (2nd Ed.). London: SAGE Publications, 2002.
VAN GENNEP, A. (1960 [1909]). The Rites of Passage. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. WAGNER, U. Out of Time and Place: Mass Tourism and Charter Trips. Ethnos, 42(1-2), 38–52. doi:10.1080/00141844.1977.9981130, 1977.
WEICHSELBAUMER, D. Sex, romance and the carnivalesque between female tourists and Caribbean men. Tourism Management, 33(5), 1220-1229. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2011.11.009, 2012.
WEIS, D. The Need to Integrate Sexual Theory and Research. In M. Wiederman & B. Whitley (Eds.), Handbook for Conducting Research on Human Sexuality. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Publishers, 2002.
WEITMAN, S. On the Elementary Forms of the SocioeroticLif e. Theory, Culture & Society, 15(3), 71–110. doi:10.1177/0263276498015003005, 1998.
WICKENS, E. Licensed for thrill: risk-taking and tourism. In S. Clift & P. Gabowski (Eds), Tourism and Health (pp. 151–164). London: Printer, 1997.
WIEDERMAN, M. & WHITLEY, B. (Eds.) Handbook for Conducting Research on Human Sexuality. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Publisher, 2002.
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2016-09-30
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Marques, J. F., & Lança, M. (2016). Para Além da Vida Quotidiana. Amor e sexualidade em Contexto Turístico: resultados preliminares de uma pesquisa exploratória no Algarve (Portugal). Anais Brasileiros De Estudos Turísticos, 6(2), 7–22. Retrieved from https://periodicos.ufjf.br/index.php/abet/article/view/3127
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PESQUISA EMPÍRICA / EMPIRICAL RESEARCH / INVESTIGACIÓN EMPÍRICA
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